1. Oklahoma City Community College
Biosphere
BIO 2215
Oklahoma City Community College
Dennis Anderson

2. Bioshpere Outer layer of earth Capable of supporting life
Includes the physical environment

3. Why Life on Earth Water Steady supply of energy from the sun
Suitable temperature range
Major and minor elements available
Gaseous atmosphere
Gravity strong enough to hold atmosphere

4. Biosphere Atmosphere Lithosphere Hydrosphere Gaseous component
Rocky component
Hydrosphere
Water component

5. Atmosphere Nitrogen 79% Oxygen 21% Carbon Dioxide .03% Water vapor
Ozone layer
Reflects harmful ultraviolet light

7. Plants and Algae Produce Oxygen

8. Greenhouse Effect

11. Carbon dioxide concentration
360
0.8
0.6
340
carbon dioxide
concentration
0.4
0.2
Carbon dioxide concentration
(parts per million)
320
Temperature change (degrees Celsius)
–0.2
300
temperature
Title:
Global warming.
Caption:
Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration is increasing, and global temperature appears to be as well. It is difficult to be certain that the CO2 increase is driving the increase in temperature because, over long periods of time, there are great natural fluctuations in global temperature. Most experts have now concluded, however, that rising levels of greenhouse gases such as CO2 are making the world warmer.
–0.4
–0.6
280
1850
1875
1900
1925
1950
1975
2000
Year

12. Global Warming

14. Carbon Dioxide Generators

16. Lithosphere
Source of minerals for living organisms
Continents float

18. Hydrosphere Water essential for life Solvent to dissolve chemicals
Needed for chemical reactions
Resists temp changes
Low viscosity

19. Ice Floats
Allows life to exist in water under the ice

20. Biome Major biotic area with characteristic Climate Plant life
Animal life
Grassland Biome

22. Grassland Biome 10 to 40 inches of rainfall Grasses Few trees
Not enough water

23. Figure: FG30-30
Title:
Temperate grassland.
Caption:
A white-tailed deer fawn stands among the grass and flowers in a tall-grass prairie in Missouri. Tall-grass is one kind of growth found in the biome known as temperate grassland.

24. Bison

25. Antelope

26. Coyote

27. Prairie Dog

28. Deciduous Forest Biome
30-50 inches of rain
Oak
Maple
Beech

29. Figure: FG30-29
Title:
Temperate deciduous forest.
Caption:
Plenty of water and seasonally warm temperatures lead to abundant plant and animal life in the biome known as temperate deciduous forest. This forest is in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park in Tennessee.

30. White-tailed Deer

31. Chipmunk

32. Red Fox

33. Raccoon

34. Coniferous Forest Biome
Less than 40 inches of rain
Spruce
Pine
Fir

36. Moose

37. Elk

38. Wolf

39. Tundra Biome Less than 10 inches of rain Cold Thin soil
Permafrost
18 inches-300 feet down
Thin soil
Short growing season
Grasses
Shrubs
Lichens

40. Figure: FG30-27
Title:
Tundra.
Caption:
Grizzly bears forage for fall berries in Alaska in the shrub-and-grass biome known as the tundra.

41. Caribou

42. Polar Bear

43. Grizzly Bear

44. Snowy Owl

45. Wolverine

46. Desert Biome Less than 8 inches of rainfall Hot days and cold nights
Cactus
shrubs

47. Figure: FG30-31
Title:
Desert.
Caption:
When water gets sparse, life does too. Shown is a desert biome in Monument Valley, Arizona.

48. Rain Shadow

49. White-Tailed Deer

50. Cougar

51. Black Bear

52. Coyote

53. Lizard

54. Snakes

55. Roadrunner

56. Rain Forest Biome 80-100 inches of rainfall Constant temperature
Tall trees
1700 beetle species found on one tree
Millions of species!

57. Figure: FG30-32
Title:
Tropical rain forest.
Caption:
Abundant rain and warm weather mean abundant growth and a great diversity in life-forms in the biome known as the tropical rain forest. Shown is a lowland rain forest on the Segama River in Borneo.

58. Monkey

59. Macaw

60. Toucan

61. Frog

62. Jaguar

63. Aquatic Environments
Ocean
Freshwater

64. Eutrophication

67. Eutrophication Experiment
Control
Nitrogen and phosphorous added

68. Algal Bloom

69. Fish Kill

70. The End Figure: FG30-38a Title: Inland wetlands. Caption:
a. A bird’s nest in a prairie wetland in the United States.