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Agenda Homework Review Do-now review Notes Exploration activity
Class Practice Independent Practice Exit Slip
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Key Point #1 Nucleic acids are molecules that store and express the genetic code of living things.
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DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid
2 types of nucleic acids DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid RNA: ribonucleic acid
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Nucleotides Nucleic acids are made up of a chain of nucleotides
3 parts of a nucleotide Phosphate group Sugar Nitrogenous base
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Nucleotides The order nucleotides line up in creates a unique genetic code for each organism Only identical twins have the same DNA!
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Key Point #2 DNA is the master copy of an organism’s genetic code.
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Location Since DNA is the master copy of an organism’s genetic code, it must be kept safe so it NEVER leaves the nucleus. DNA in the nucleus is safe But DNA in the cytoplasm can be destroyed
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Structure DNA is made up of TWO strands of nucleotide chains
The two strands are twisted to look like a “twisted ladder” that scientists call a DOUBLE HELIX.
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Double helix The steps = nitrogenous bases
Backbone: The sides =sugar and a phosphate group
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DNA Nucleotide 1. Phosphate group 2. Sugar: Deoxyribose sugar
3. Nitrogenous bases: “A”: Adenine “T”: Thymine “G”: Guanine “C”: Cytosine
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DNA base pairs Adenine--- Thymine A ATTACHES TO T--- AT!
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DNA Base Pairs Cytosine—Guanine C’s are straight G’s
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OOOOOKAY Enough talking, let’s build some DNA!!!!!
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Materials
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You build the complementary strand
A T C
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You build the complementary strand
T G A
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You build the complementary strand
T C
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You build the complementary strand
A C
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Key Point #3 Since DNA can’t leave the nucleus, it sends the genetic message out into the cell with RNA
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Location RNA takes the genetic message from DNA in the nucleus out into the ribosomes in the cytoplasm
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Structure of RNA RNA has only ONE strand of nucleotides.
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RNA nucleotide Phosphate group Sugar: Ribose sugar Nitrogenous bases
“A”: adenine “U”: uracil “G”: guanine “C”: cytosine
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RNA vs. DNA -single stranded -uracil instead of thymine
-ribose instead deoxyribose
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RNA- sugar: ribose Same N bases except no Thymine, Uracil instead
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RNA loves U RNA Review DNA and RNA base pairing...
Same rules EXCEPT THERE IS TO NO T. A pairs with U on RNA.
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Back to building!
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Build the SINGLE RNA strand that is complementary to this DNA strand
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Build the SINGLE RNA strand that is complementary to this DNA strand
T C A
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Build the SINGLE RNA strand that is complementary to this DNA strand
A C G
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Build the SINGLE RNA strand that is complementary to this DNA strand
C G A
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Alert: way harder! Build the DNA strand that this RNA strand was copied from A G U
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Alert: way harder! Build the DNA strand that this RNA strand was copied from C U
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Use your notes!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! And your brain
A lot of info Let’s organize it Fill in this table independently! We will go over it in a second. Use your notes!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! And your brain
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DNA v. RNA: All the info in one place!
# of strands TWO ONE Nitrogenous bases used ATGC AUGC Type of sugar in backbone Deoxyribose Ribose What does it do to genetic information? Stores it; holds it Takes messages Is it made of nucleotides? yes Found in nucleus? Cytoplasm? Nucleus only- never leaves Nucleus, can move into cytoplasm Complimentary strand to DNA of GATTACTACGA? CTAATGATGCT CUAAUGAUGCU Complimentary strand to DNA of TTTAGGGCCCAT AAATCCCGGGTA AAAUCCCGGGUA
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End of Class Do your exit slip In your folder
Grade sheet Exit slip Quiz Classwork Take your table home with you! you will need it for HW! Homework: Worksheet– minutes
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