1. Muslim % of the Population (Pew Center 2011) 1990 Figure for France may be low

3. Schools and Republican values
(S)ince the Third Republic, schools have been considered the key to disseminating and stabilizing republicanism, to creating France as a nation one and indivisible. (107)
How did your schools “disseminate and stabilize” national democratic values?
What role-if any- did religion play in those schools?
Was creationism or intelligent design taught? Was evolution?
Did you ever feel that you needed protection from religion?

4. Church/State Policy and Schools: France vs. Britain 1
Key Principle
Laicite
Religion should be excluded from the secular space of schools.
Church/State History
Conflictual, marked by strong anticlerical parties
Church and State Officially Separate
Key Principle
Multiculturalism
“Multicultural policies in Britain today mainly concern how state schools handle their diverse clientele: teaching cultural and religious studies curricula, offering halal meals to Muslim pupils. Behind these specific policies is the notion, generally accepted in Britain, that the cultural and religious traditions of each pupil should be positively recognized.” John Bowen
Church/State History
Established Church
(Church of England/Anglican) Retains Some privileges (funding, seats in the House of Lords, ties to the Monarchy)
No strongly anticlerical party
Historically the Conservatives favored the Anglican Church, while the Liberals favored “dissenters”

5. Church/State Policy and Schools: France vs. Britain 2
Accommodations for Religious Minorities:
Limits on the Hijab and other religious symbols
Schools very reluctant to make accommodations for religious minorities (meals, for example)
State pays the salaries of teachers in religious (mostly Catholic) schools and 10% of other costs.
Accommodations for Religious Minorities:
Accommodation of religious minorities dress, diet, culture
State funding of religious schools and mandatory religious education in public schools
Religious education is officially Christian, but in fact ecumenical and usually involves outreach to local religious authorities.
While approval has been difficult, Muslim schools have had an easier time than in France when it comes to getting official recognition and funding.

6. Would you favor the American, French, or British approach to secularism? Why?

8. Poll -------- is ‘very important’ for being truly American.
Being able to speak English
Sharing American customs and traditions
Being a Christian
Having been born in the U.S.

10. 2016 Pew Survey

11. 2016 Pew Survey

12. 2016 European views on diversity

13. Muslims in your country mostly want to….
General Public
Muslims

14. Pew 2006
Which do you consider yourself first a citizen of your country or a Muslim?
Which do you consider yourself first a citizen of your country or a Christian?

15. Muslims in your country mostly want to…. Pew 2006
General Public
Muslims

16. Pew 2016

17. Pew 2011

18. Shadi Hamid
“A liberal society can survive with a minority that opposes blasphemy.* More than that, a liberal society cannot be truly liberal without allowing citizens to express their own personal illiberalism, as long as they do so through legal, democratic channels.”
What is Hamid saying here? Do you agree? Why or why not?
*Would your answer change if high levels of support for Sharia or opposition to homosexuality were substituted here?

19. Maajid Nawaz Watch video. Does he make you reevaluate Hamid?
Do you agree with Nawaz?