1. Napoleon Bonaparte
“Ambition is never content even on the summit of greatness.”

2. Born in Corsica as an Italian-
Became a French citizen at the age of 1
Home in which Napoleon
was born
Corsica

3. Became dictator (all power held by a single person) of France for 10 years in 1799 when he launched a coup d’ etat (stroke of state) against the Directory

4. Became Emperor for life after winning a plebiscite (yes or no vote)

5. Napoleon was immediately at war with the Second Coalition (countries united against France)

6. Coalitions were formed because other European Monarchs did not want their people to see the French get away with killing their king and starting Republics.

7. Loved by all of the French

8. NAPOLEON AS LEADER OF FRANCE

9. General Reforms
Freedom of worship
Stabilized food prices
Class Equality
Rebuilt Paris
Got rid of 10 day week (& calendar)

10. Legal Reform:
The Napoleonic Code – single set of laws for all of France
Equality of law
Basic liberties
Restored slavery
Limits on women’s rights
Limits on political rights and freedom of speech and press
NO LAWS APPLIED TO NAPOLEON

11. Class Reforms Clergy Improved Catholic’s status Gave back land
Dropped state controls

12. Nobility
Allowed nobility to return from exile
Gave back land and political status

13. Bourgeoisie
Stabilized markets and trade
Lowered taxes
Peasants
Jobs
Lowered food prices

14. Napoleon as a Military Leader
Wave of victories
Awesome General – People liked/loved him

15. THREE BLUNDERS

16. 1. Spain – kicked out old king and put his brother, Joseph, in charge of Spain. Spanish fought back with help from the British. Guerrilla Warfare destroyed the French. Napoleon has to pull out (300,000 French killed)

17. Continental System Napoleon tried to isolate trade with Britain (to hurt their economy), but it backfired.
Battle of Trafalgar - Napoleon lost to the British navy. This was Napoleon’s first major defeat

18. BATTLE OF TRAFALGAR British French Lord Nelson – Admiral Villeneuve-
Crosses the T” The British More ships, slower ships have better communication Shoot chainshot into faster fire of cannons rigging and shoot the hull of the ship

19. Battle of Trafalgar

20. Russia (1812) Napoleon goes in with 400,000 + troops, comes back with 10,000

22. While Napoleon was “down,” the other countries ganged up to defeat him at the Battle of Leipzig (Battle of Nations)

23. Napoleon gives up the throne and was exiled to Elba.

24. 100 Days - Napoleon’s return to power
People didn’t like Louis XVIII (brother of the guillotined king)
Napoleon escaped Elba (Louis fled)
Napoleon regained full power
Napoleon: best defense is a good offense. He attacked the British General Wellington at Waterloo (Belgium)
Napoleon was defeated for the final time

25. This time he’s sent to St. Helena, between Africa and South America
He died in 1821 of a stomach ailment.

26. LEGACY Rise of Nationalism
·Division of people by country not social class
·People willing to go to war based on love of country
·Wars to combine city-states, divide empires

27. LEGACY (CONTINUED) Need for: · Coalitions and alliances
Diplomacy as an option to war

28. LEGACY (CONTINUED)
Spread of ideas:
       Political philosophy
       Revolution as an option
    Equality, speech, voting, property
Rise of a professional military