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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF COMMUTER TRIPS USING MOTIVATION PERSPECTIVE

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Presentation on theme: "ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF COMMUTER TRIPS USING MOTIVATION PERSPECTIVE"— Presentation transcript:

1 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF COMMUTER TRIPS USING MOTIVATION PERSPECTIVE
A Case Study of Global Warming Impact in Saint-Etienne, France Samuel Le Féon1,2, Denis Le Boulch2, Valérie Laforest1, Natacha Gondran1 1Ecole nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint Etienne, 158, cours Fauriel, F Saint-Etienne Cedex 2, France 2EDF R&D, Les Renardières Moret sur Loing Cedex, France CONTEXT Transportation: 34% of CO2 emissions in France (ADEME 2006) (of which urban mobility: 47%). Urban mobility is characterized by several parameters linked to: the trips: trip motivation, geographical data, modal splits; the transport modes used. Lack of environmental assessments of urban mobility in the general case with a life cycle thinking (Althaus 2011) and a motivation perspective. METHODOLOGY Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) has been used as calculation methodology in order to: take into account both direct and indirect emissions better comprehend trip motivation perspective (through the notion of functional unit (“allowing inhabitants from an average French big city to realise their professional and scholar trips during one year”) Subdivision of urban mobility into trip motivation categories Worker trips Allocation of specific modal split to each trip motivation categories Professional trips Personal car Urban and non urban public transportation Bike and motorbike Walking Different scholar trips Environmental impacts of each transport mode in LCA databases Transport, passenger car/RER U Transport, tram/CH U Adaptation to each trip motivation situation Car for professional trips Tram for scholar trips Environmental assessment of each scholar trips Environmental assessment of professional trips Environmental assessment of urban mobility In g CO2 eq per pkm for each trip motivation category In pkm per trip motivation category for each transport mode In g CO2 eq per pkm for each transport mode In percentage of trips Allocation of specific distances by transport mode to each trip motivation categories In kilometres by transport mode for each trip motivation category Trips to primary school Trips to secondary school Trips to high school Trips to the university French Institute of Economical Studies and Statistics (INSEE) Average of 17 trip and household surveys (CERTU 2009) French population census in 2009 (INSEE) Survey about commuter trips in Rhône-Alpes (INSEE) LCA database: Ecoinvent 2.3 Characterization factors from IPCC 2007 Different studies about transport modes (ADEME, CERTU, IFSTTAR, etc.) Local data on public transportation provided by the Public Transportation Society of Saint-Etienne (STAS) Specific data (case study) Generic data Overall description of the methodology and data provenance (pkm means passenger.kilometer). RESULTS Differences of GHG emissions per person per kilometer between trip motivation categories explained by: different transport modes parameterizations (particularly occupancy rates); different modal splits. Car share in modal split is not sufficient to predict the total GHG emissions Necessary to look at next orders in modal splits (modal shares of other GHG emitters) GHG emissions per person per kilometer by trip motivation in g CO2eq/pkm Modal splits by trip motivation in percentage of trips EDF SA au capital de euros - RCS Paris B Copyright EDF Médiathèque EDF SA au capital de euros - RCS Paris B Copyright EDF Médiathèque PERSPECTIVES Apply the methodology to the entire urban mobility (both good and passenger transportations) of Saint-Etienne Identify main determinants of urban mobility trough French generic cases Apply the methodology to other LCA indicators and methods Contact : Samuel Le Féon, Althaus, H.-J. (2011). Modern individual mobility. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 17, 267–269.

2 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF COMMUTER TRIPS USING MOTIVATION PERSPECTIVE
A Case Study of Global Warming Impact in Saint-Etienne, France Samuel Le Féon1,2, Denis Le Boulch2, Valérie Laforest1, Natacha Gondran1 1Ecole nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint Etienne, 158, cours Fauriel, F Saint-Etienne Cedex 2, France 2EDF R&D, Les Renardières Moret sur Loing Cedex, France CONTEXT Transportation: 34% of CO2 emissions in France (ADEME 2006) (of which urban mobility: 47%). Urban mobility is characterized by several parameters linked to: the trips: trip motivation, geographical data, modal splits; the transport modes used. Lack of environmental assessments of urban mobility in the general case with a life cycle thinking (Althaus 2011) and a motivation perspective. METHODOLOGY Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) has been used as calculation methodology in order to: take into account both direct and indirect emissions better comprehend trip motivation perspective (through the notion of functional unit (“allowing inhabitants from an average French big city to realise their professional and scholar trips during one year”) Subdivision of urban mobility into trip motivation categories Worker trips Allocation of specific modal split to each trip motivation categories Professional trips Personal car Urban and non urban public transportation Bike and motorbike Walking Different scholar trips Environmental impacts of each transport mode in LCA databases Transport, passenger car/RER U Transport, tram/CH U Adaptation to each trip motivation situation Car for professional trips Tram for scholar trips Environmental assessment of each scholar trips Environmental assessment of professional trips Environmental assessment of urban mobility In g CO2 eq per pkm for each trip motivation category In pkm per trip motivation category for each transport mode In g CO2 eq per pkm for each transport mode In percentage of trips Allocation of specific distances by transport mode to each trip motivation categories In kilometres by transport mode for each trip motivation category Trips to primary school Trips to secondary school Trips to high school Trips to the university French Institute of Economical Studies and Statistics (INSEE) Average of 17 trip and household surveys (CERTU 2009) French population census in 2009 (INSEE) Survey about commuter trips in Rhône-Alpes (INSEE) LCA database: Ecoinvent 2.3 Characterization factors from IPCC 2007 Different studies about transport modes (ADEME, CERTU, IFSTTAR, etc.) Local data on public transportation provided by the Public Transportation Society of Saint-Etienne (STAS) Specific data (case study) Generic data Overall description of the methodology and data provenance (pkm means passenger.kilometer). RESULTS Differences of GHG emissions per person per kilometer between trip motivation categories explained by: different transport modes parameterizations (particularly occupancy rates); different modal splits. Car share in modal split is not sufficient to predict the total GHG emissions Necessary to look at next orders in modal splits (modal shares of other GHG emitters) GHG emissions per person per kilometer by trip motivation in g CO2eq/pkm Modal splits by trip motivation in percentage of trips EDF SA au capital de euros - RCS Paris B Copyright EDF Médiathèque EDF SA au capital de euros - RCS Paris B Copyright EDF Médiathèque PERSPECTIVES Apply the methodology to the entire urban mobility (both good and passenger transportations) of Saint-Etienne Identify main determinants of urban mobility trough French generic cases Apply the methodology to other LCA indicators and methods Contact : Samuel Le Féon, Althaus, H.-J. (2011). Modern individual mobility. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 17, 267–269.

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