1. WWII in Review

2. Women During WWII In the military WAVES (Navy) WAC (Army)
WASP (Air Force)
Nurses
On the home front
Rosie the Riveter: symbol to encourage women to work in factories
Women entered work force in large numbers & to jobs previously denied to them
m/watch?v=AE2z_N1fM5 E

3. Minorities During WWII
African Americans
Tuskegee Airmen
A. Philip Randolph led march against discrimination in gov’t jobs > showed direct action for racial equality
Like women, got jobs previously denied to them
Navajo (Native Americans)
Code talkers used in Pacific to send coded messages
Successful because their code was never broken by the Japanese
Latinos
Bracero Program: offered Mexicans temporary access to the US to work in agriculture
Zoot Suit Riots: Despite rationing, Zoot Suits were popular among Latinos
Some sailors got into a fight with Latinos over Zoot Suits
Japanese Americans
Despite internment, many Japanese Americans joined the military to prove their loyalty
The 442nd Regiment (made up of Japanese Americans) became the most decorated group of WWII

4. Navajo Code Dictionary

5. Bracero Program

6. Zoot Suit Riots

7. Japanese Internment Executive Order 9066
FDR’s order justifying internment of people associated with countries at war (primarily Japanese Americans) due to security concerns of spying and sabotage
Internment
Camps were located on the West Coast in isolated areas
Caused economic hardships
Overall difficult conditions
Korematsu v. US
Fred Korematsu sued the US for his freedom after he violated the curfew but he was denied because during war, some rights can be restricted
What other examples can you think of when the government limited a right?

9. Civilian Contributions
Civilians contributed on the home front by:
Rationing
What types of products were rationed? Why?
Some products were limited due to disruption in international shipping lanes
Planting victory gardens
Buying War Bonds
Factories converted production to military goods

10. Battles in the Pacific Doolittle Raid
Pearl Harbor
Japan attacked the US because we cut off their oil supply
The Japanese desires to build an empire conflicted with our Open Door Policy in Asia
Bataan Death March
US & Filipinos led by Gen. MacArthur
Retreated to Bataan Peninsula where many died from starvation, beatings, etc.
Doolittle Raid
Despite doing “little damage” to the Japanese, this raid increased morale because we hit the heart of Japan
Coral Sea
This was the first time the US stopped the Japanese advance

11. Battles in the Pacific continued
Midway
With advanced knowledge of the attack, the US won this battle.
It became a turning point battle where the US began to win more battles
Guadalcanal
Miserable conditions led to a fight on land, sea & in the air
After this battle, the Japanese were on the run
Strategy of island hoping was used here
Island Hoping
Strategy used in the Pacific to prevent troops from getting bogged down in one place & to get closer to the Japanese mainland
Leyte Gulf
Gen. MacArthur’s return to the Philippines in this largest naval battle
This was the first time the Japanese used the kamikaze attack

12. Island-hopping

13. Battles in the Pacific continued
Iwo Jima
The Japanese refused to surrender here resulting in heavy casualties
The iconic picture of marines raising the flag was taken here
Okinawa
This was the bloodiest battle in the Pacific

14. Manhattan Project Manhattan Project
This was the secret code name given to the project devoted to building an atomic bomb
Scientist Robert Oppenheimer led the project in Los Alamos, New Mexico
The atomic bomb used energy released by splitting an atom

15. End of the War Yalta Conference
The Big 3 – Stalin, FDR & Churchill met at Yalta to discuss what to do with Germany
It was agreed Germany & its capital (Berlin) would be divided into 4 sections/zones
FDR was criticized for allowing Stalin to stay in Poland & Eastern European countries where he said he would hold free elections (which he never did)
FDR Dies
FDR’s death was traumatic for the American people.
He was elected to 4 terms but died in office, leading us during the Depression & WWII
His Vice President, Harry Truman took over

16. Decision to Use the Bomb
President Truman had to decide if the bomb would be used, & if so, where
He decided to drop the bomb:
Without warning
On a city that hadn’t seen much bombing/damage
On a city that had some factories/war production sites
The first bomb was dropped at Hiroshima on Aug. 6, 1945
The next bomb was dropped at Nagasaki on Aug. 9, 1945

17. Hiroshima bombing
Nagasaki bombing

18. Post War Developments United Nations
June 1945, members from 50 countries including the US & Soviet Union met to establish the United Nations
How was this similar & different from the League of Nations?
Potsdam Conference
Truman, Stalin & Churchill met at Potsdam to discuss the issues from the Yalta Conference but it was unsuccessful