1. Gender-Transformative Evaluation: Gender, Poverty and Empowerment Framework
Ranjani K Murthy
Consultant: Gender, Equity and Development
Gender-transformative and equity focused evaluation (WS-3)
Evaluation Conclave, 2015
Kathmandu, Nepal

2. Different ways gender may be present or absent in evaluations (adapting Kabeer, 1994)
Gender-blind
Gender-instrumental
Gender-specific
Gender-transformative
Gender sensitive
Aims, Objectives, Scope, Methodology, Methods, Team, Analysis, Validation, Report, Dissemination

3. Feminist evaluations Liberal feminism Marxist feminist
Radical feminist
Socialist feminism
Black Dalit feminism
Eco feminism

4. Gender-transformative evaluations
Are gender-transformative evaluations and feminist evaluations different?
Socialist feminism
Gender-transformative evaluations

5. Different gender-transformative evaluations
Modification of traditional
Engendering
Log Frames
Feminist theory of change
New ones
Change Matrix
Making the Case
Social Relations framework
Gender, poverty and empowerment framework
Women’s empowerment assessment tool
12 Box framework

6. This presentation focuses on
Gender, poverty and empowerment framework

7. Gender, poverty and empowerment framework
(Murthy )
Adapts
Sen: Entitlements
Rowlands:
Power

8. Gender and Poverty Gender and poverty Dimensions General
Gender intensified
Sex/gender-specific
Causes HH
Entitlements
Women ‘s
Vulnerability
HH/Gender specific
Coping
Risky occupations;

9. Empowerment (Rowlands)
Power to
Power within
Power with
Labour, mobility, resources, body, political participation…

10. Assessing gender and poverty impact: participatory tools
Gender-based access to resources
Gender-based control over resources
Gender and social/ resource map
Gender and seasonality mapping
Gender and well being ranking

11. Assessing contributing to shifting power relations: Participatory tools
Power to
- Gender division of labour, resources, mobility mapping, body mapping, decision making matrix , power walk
Power with
- gender sensitive social maps/resource maps, Violence mapping, rating o f government services, assessment of project
Power within
-Group goals, Gender and equity values mapping, Caste discrimination mapping
Composite: road map of change, happiness, GAM and empowerment mapping, story telling

12. Assessment tools Engendered guidelines
intra-household, group level, farmer’s organization, VAW group….
before-after comparison
participant-control group comparison
participant- wives of male participants
Gender-sensitive participatory evaluation tools

13. Illustrations
Used in India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri lanka, Sudan, Moldova, Vietnam
In Tool kit book rural credit and livelihood projects; few in urban areas in India and Bangladesh

14. Three options
Take 4-5 composite tools and explore their use in gender, poverty reduction and empowerment evaluation
Take 4-5 non composite tools which you want to know about and explore their use in groups
Groups explain to larger group 12 tools using tool kit no hands on

15. Important findings: Gender and poverty assessment
Improvement at HH/intra-HH/village level happening, but
Poor women and girls have lesser access to basic needs than men and boys; few deviants
Poor women have lesser access to assets/means to overcome poverty; in particular immovable assets and larger livestock.
Poor women heterogeneous, marginalized women have lesser access to assets and government services
Poor women’s seasonality needs to be taken into account; women managed livelihood needs strengthening; work load reduced
Households slip into poverty through giving dowry, alcoholism, death of earning member- transformative social mobilizaton req.
Women slip into poverty through death and desertion of husbands
Faced with acute poverty poor women adopt adverse strategies
Livelihood programs that do not factor gender/equity have little impact on women/marginalised

16. Important findings: Impact on women’s empowerment
The space for women to come together is important, but not enough.
Mobilization with a gender transformative lens fosters empowerment; questioning dominant paradigms
Mobilization on credit+important- assets, value chains, social and political
Attitudes difficult to change- gender, dowry, color, caste, orientation, sexual desires etc
Poor women are slowly entering male domains, little vice versa.
Taboos around women’s body remain.
Intra-HH decision making changing slowly but on smaller issues
Engaging with men and boys on gender limited in rural areas
Women’s empowerment and poverty reduction are related
* Caste employer and dalit women leader, police and fish pond.

17. Gender, poverty and empowerment
diversity
Gender
Poverty reduction
Rights/
Justice approach

18. Combine qualitative and quantitative methods
Gender poverty and empowerment assessment
Guidelines
Non members
Members
Coop, local government
Federations
SHGs
Gender sensitive Participatory tools (30 of each)
- Nutrition service, Health
Triangulation
Education
Collective analysis
Taking back findings

19. Keep in mind: Gender sensitive participatory tools
Time
Privacy
Consent Confidentiality
Managing backlash
Counseling
Season

20. Thank you
Learning together
Gender
Transformative
evaluations