1. Confined Spaces Review
MRS Training & Rescue
Confined Spaces Review

2. Durham Area Accidents & Disasters
Seaham th Sept Killed
Trimdon Grange th Feb Killed
West Stanley 19thApr Killed
Elemore 2nd Dec Killed
Branscepath A Pit 6th Sept Killed
West Stanley 16th Feb Killed
Murton 26th Jun Killed
Morrison Old 22nd Aug Killed
Easington 29th May Killed

3. Time line 2005 Ellington Colliery Closed 1906 Royal Commission
Coal Mines Act
Mines rescue stations established
Nationalisation of the coal industry
Mine Closures
operational rescue stations
Service scaled down to 6 stations
Privatisation MRSL
Ellington Colliery Closed
Government legislation Changed
Last Deep Coal Mine in UK Closed

4. The Past

5. What mines? Ayle East Colliery Boulby Potash CPL 13.04.16
Kirkby Thore (Gypsum)
Beamish Museum
Killhope Lead Mine

6. Safe Work in confined spaces Regulations 1997 Review
2009 Second Edition Some companies still using the old regs and the importance of the change in particular Regulation 5 Emergency Arrangements.
2014 Third Edition Definition of CS + examples, assess risk of work in CS + precautions, ACOP updated & simplified, flowchart to help decision making process, new workplace risks such as hypoxic environments & fire suppression, amendments relating to C/E/T equipment.

7. Health & Safety Commission review 7th December 2004
Year Fatalities
1996 /
1997 /
1998 /
1999 /
2000 /
2001 /
2002 /

8. Confined Space Statistics
65% of all confined space fatalities are due to a hazardous atmosphere
In 139 deaths there were no detectors, no ventilation
One third of all deaths were supervisors
60% were rescuers
25% of spaces were toxic before entry

9. Health & Safety Executive
Health & Safety Executive alerts all employers to the dangers of confined spaces following Four Deaths in Four Weeks, 27th March 2003
Thetford triple fatality July 2004
ERRV Viking Islay September 2007 Loss of three lives.
Ireland triple fatality 2012.
Oxygen deficient atmosphere

10. Health & Safety
Chief Officer dies Jan 2009 fell almost 8 metres descending into a water ballast tank.
£ 640,000 fines for salmon workers deaths in confined space on a barge moored at salmon farm on Loch Creran, Argyll & Bute. Three men needed rescuing by the emergency services two died and the first entrant Survived May 2009
Following the deaths of two ships officers in a general cargo ship off W A one entered a cargo hold of timber and collapsed while the second attempted rescue aid and became unconscious and died himself April 2011.
Goole docks 26th May 2014 resulting in three fatalities, three crew members on-board a cargo ship were found unconscious in the main cargo hold the vessel was carrying sawn timber.

11. Health & Safety
The Marine Accident Investigator’s International Forum concluded that between March 1998 and May 2009 there were 101 enclosed space incidents, 93 fatalities and 96 injuries associated with enclosed space work Estimated non-published figures could exceed 1000!...

12. POSSIBLE REASONS Confined spaces not taken seriously.
Lack of knowledge.
Unable to identify what is or is not a confined space.
Lack of training.
Lack of equipment, or equipment not fit for purpose.

13. POSSIBLE REASON
‘The Chameleon’ ?

14. Oxygen Depletion
21-19% - Fit for respiration (if no other contaminants
present)
16% - Dizziness, shortness of breath, increased
heart and respiration rate, concentration and
reasoning diminished, ability and awareness
to make recovery decisions highly impaired
10% - Nausea, vomiting, muscular incapacity
6% - Rapid loss of consciousness and death

15. Confined Space Regulations 1997 Regulation 1.
“confined space” means
any place, including any chamber, tank, vat, silo, pit, trench, pipe, sewer, flue, well or other similar space in which, by virtue of its enclosed nature, there arises a reasonably foreseeable specified risk;

16. Confined Space Regulations 1997 Regulation 1.
specified risk” means a risk of
serious injury to any person at work arising from a fire or explosion;
(b) without prejudice to paragraph (a)
(i) the loss of consciousness of any person at work
arising from an increase in body temperature;
(ii) the loss of consciousness or asphyxiation of any
person at work arising from gas, fume, vapour or
the lack of oxygen;

17. Confined Space Regulations 1997 Regulation 1.
“specified risk” means a risk of con’t—
(c) the drowning of any person at work arising from an
increase in the level of liquid; or
(d) the asphyxiation of any person at work arising from a
free flowing solid or the inability to reach a respirable
environment due to entrapment by a free flowing solid;

18. Confined Space Regulations 1997 Regulation 2.
Disapplication of Regulations
These Regulations shall not apply to or in relation to:
(a) the master or crew of a sea-going ship
(b) any place below ground in a mine; or
(c) any diving project to and in relation to which the Diving
at Work Regulations 1997 apply by virtue of regulation 3
of those Regulations.

19. Confined Space Regulations 1997 Regulation 3.
Persons upon whom duties are imposed by these Regulations
Every employer shall
ensure compliance with the provisions of these Regulations in respect of any work carried out by his employees;
(b) ensure compliance, so far as is reasonably practicable,
with the provisions of these Regulations in respect of any
work carried out by persons other than his employees
insofar as the provisions relate to matters which are
within his control.

20. Confined Space Regulations 1997 Regulation 4.
Work in confined spaces
No person at work shall enter a confined space to
carry out work for any purpose unless it is not
reasonably practicable to achieve that purpose
without such entry.

21. Confined Space Regulations 1997 Regulation 4.
Work in confined spaces
(2) Without prejudice to paragraph (1) above, so far as
is reasonably practicable, no person at work shall
enter or carry out any work in or (other than as a
result of an emergency) leave a confined space
otherwise than in accordance with a system of
work which, in relation to any relevant specified
risks, renders that work safe and without risks to
health.

22. Confined Space Regulations 1997 Regulation 5.
Rescue Arrangements
Without prejudice to regulation 4 of these
Regulations, no person at work shall enter or carry
out work in a confined space unless there have
been prepared in respect of that confined space
suitable and sufficient arrangements for the
rescue of persons in the event of an emergency,
whether or not arising out of a specified risk.
(2) Without prejudice to the generality of paragraph
1 above, the arrangements referred to in that
paragraph shall not be suitable and sufficient
unless

23. Confined Space Regulations 1997 Regulation 5.
Rescue Arrangements
they reduce, so far as is reasonably practicable, the risks to the health and safety of any person required to put the arrangements for rescue into operation; and
(b) they require, where the need for resuscitation of
any person is a likely consequence of a relevant
specified risk, the provision and maintenance of
such equipment as is necessary to enable
resuscitation procedures to be carried out.

24. Confined Space Regulations 1997 Regulation 5.
Rescue Arrangements
(3) Whenever there arises any circumstance to which
the arrangements referred to in paragraph (1)
above relate, those arrangements, or the relevant
part or parts of those arrangements, shall
immediately be put into operation.

25. Confined Space Regulations 1997 Regulation 5.
Planned / Unplanned Assistance during an emergency
Planned assistance
Dedicated team
Competent staff
Suitable rescue equipment
Familiar with activities going on
Unplanned assistance
Not dedicated (may be employed elsewhere)
Distances / time factors
Lack of training
Lack of equipment
Unfamiliar with activities going on

26. Certification last three years.
NATIONAL OCCUPATIONAL STANDARDS
Committee set up in 2006 to look into the problems associated with confined spaces in particular to the identification and training standards.
This involved the H.S.E, Water Companies, Utilities, Construction, Mines Rescue and various other parties.
Certification last three years.

27. Certification last three years.
City and Guilds Awarding Body
Established Standards which are required to be met by training providers who must meet the awarding body demands/standards/criteria/levels.
The awarding body monitor all assessors who have qualified to carry out assessments passing attendee’s competency level to Safe entry into Confined Spaces. Followed by regular auditing ensuring standards are maintained.
Certification last three years.

28. NATIONAL OCCUPATIONAL STANDARDS/CITY & GUILDS AWARDING BODY COURSES
Awareness of Safe Entry into Confined Space
Safe Entry into Low Risk Confined Space.
Safe Entry into Medium Risk Confined Space.
Safe Entry into High Risk Confined Space.
Rescue and Recovery from Confined Spaces.
Managing Safe Entry into Confined Space.
Supervising Safe Entry into Confined Space.
Top Man Safe Entry into Confined Space.
Emergency Rescue First Aid

29. Practical Demonstration
Video Demonstration

30. MRS Training & Rescue
It’s not what we do, but how we do it! We do what we Teach MRS Training & Rescue ‘for the unique training experience’

31. Thank you
Any Questions