1. Animal Joints and Joint Types
Students will be able to name joint types and their accompanying role in movement.

2. Joints- any of the points of connection between movable segments of an animals body.
Three Types of Joints, classified by the amount of type of movement. 1.Fibrous Joint 2.Cartilage Joint 3. Synovial Joints

3. Fibrous Joints- Joined together with dense connective tissue.
Called “Fixed Joints” because little movement is possible.
Found in the skull, where it is called a suture

4. Cartilage Joints
The bones in this joint type are connected with cartilage.
The growth plate of young animals serves as an example of this joint.

5. Synovial Joints True moveable joints. Joint is covered in cartilage.
This articular cartilage provides contact surface between two joints.

6. Synovial Joints Con’t The joint is enclosed with a joint capsule.
The outer layer is strong connective tissue.
This layer is lined with a synovial membrane, which produces synovial fluid.
Synovial fluid provides strength to the joint.
Ligaments are present.

7. Synovial Joints Con’t
Some Synovial joints may have a meniscus, which is a hard cartilage pad.
Acts as a cushion between the bone ends.
Example: Knee

8. Terms Used To Describe Motion
Flexion- occurs when the angle between the two bones gets smaller.
Extension- occurs when the angle between two bones increases.

9. Terms Used to Describe Motion
Abduction- occurs when a part is moved away from the body.
Adduction- occurs when a part is moved closer to the body.

10. Types of Joints Hinge Joint- allows movement in one axis
Example- Elbow

11. Types of Joints Con’t Pivot Joint- allows for rotation around a point.
The pivot joint between the first and second vertebrae allows the head to rotate.

12. Joint Types Con’t
Ellipsoid- allows for motion not only in a hinge fashion but also in rotation.
Ball and sock joint, such as the hip or shoulder, allows motion in any direction

13. Synovial Joint Using the clay provided, construct a synovial joint.
Green- articular cartilage
Red- Joint Capsule
Yellow- Bone
Blue- Synovial membrane

14. Construct Three Types of Joints

15. Review
Three Types of Joints Classified by the mount or type of movement.
Synovial Joint
Fibrous Joint
Cartilage Joint
Flexion
occurs when the angle between the two bones
gets smaller.
Extension
occurs when the angle between two bones
increases.

16. Review Four Types of Joints Hinge Joint 2. Pivot Joint
3. Ellipsiod Joint
4.Ball and Socket Joints