1. Session 2
Surveying potential contributions to the AR5 Gerald Rys (Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry) IPCC Working Group III: Mitigation

2. Why contribute!! Enhancing NZ’s commitment to climate change globally
Enhancing our science reputation and getting NZ science recognised
Ensuring NZ perspectives are taken into account e.g. agriculture, planted forestry
Getting personal recognition/satisfaction for your skills, knowledge and research

3. How you can contribute
By contributing at the various stages of the process
Chapter lead author
Author
Chapter reviewer
Government reviewer
By publishing your research
By making sure that relevant authors/ reviewers are aware of your work

4. What are New Zealand’s Areas of Interest and Influence
Agriculture particularly livestock
Forestry particularly planted forestry
Land use and land use change
Energy particularly hydro, geothermal and wind.
Non carbon-dioxide gases particularly methane and nitrous oxide from livestock
Food, food security, forestry, fisheries and trade
Tourism particularly distance
Buildings particularly wood structures
Not transport as we are a technology taker not a giver

5. Agriculture Policies and measures Agriculture research
An ETS including agriculture and forestry
Non price policies – research and technology transfer including sector engagement
Agriculture research
all major gases and metrics of comparing gases – e.g. GWPs
Mitigation potentials vs real mitigation for livestock agriculture
New mitigation technologies –abatement cost curves
Measurement and uncertainty at all scales

6. Forestry Growth rates, species, environmental factors
Soil carbon changes under forests
Forest carbon pools
Deforestation
Harvested wood products
Albedo effects
Forestry in an ETS
Permanence, uncertainty, risk, measurement

7. Soil carbon Absolute levels – factor influencing this
How to build up soil carbon as a mitigation tool
NZ special circumstances??
Erosion and impacts on soil carbon
Carbonet - chair Frank Kellihar

8. Energy A national energy system based on renewable energy Hydro energy
Geothermal energy
Wind energy
Biofuels
based on wood – planted forests
other resources

9. Working Group III: Mitigation
Summary for Policy Makers
Technical Summary
Frequently Asked Questions (extracted from the chapters below)
I INTRODUCTION
II FRAMING ISSUES
2. Integrated Risk and Uncertainty Assessment of Climate Change Response Policies
3. Social, Economic and Ethical Concepts and Methods
4. Sustainable Development and Equity
Mitigative capacity and mitigation
Consumption patterns and carbon accounting – LCA – trade
III PATHWAYS FOR MITIGATING CLIMATE CHANGE
5. Drivers, Trends and Mitigation
6. Assessing Transformation Pathways
7. Energy Systems
8. Transport
9. Buildings – woods role - BRANZ
10. Industry
11. Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU)
12. Human Settlements, Infrastructure and Spatial Planning

10. 11. Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU)
[Note: All sections should consider regional specificities including as appropriate to developed and developing countries and economies in transition.]
Introduction to integrated assessment of AFOLU
Emission trends (including agricultural productivity) and drivers
Competition and opportunities for land-use (energy, food, feed and timber production; housing, nature conservation, biodiversity and other land uses)
Mitigation technologies and practices in forestry, agriculture (e.g. biochar) and livestock farming
Mitigation effectiveness (non-permanence: human and natural impacts; displacement; saturation)

11. 11. Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU)
Systemic perspectives (including integrated land-use assessment)
Synergies, tradeoffs and interactions with adaptation and other mitigation options
Climate change feedback, natural disturbance and extreme events
Environmental and other risks and uncertainties
Co-benefits, tradeoffs, spill-over effects
Opportunities and barriers (technological, physical, financial, institutional, cultural, legal, etc.)
Sustainable development and behavioural aspects
Costs and potentials
Gaps in knowledge and data

12. IV. ASSESSMENT OF POLICIES, INSTITUTIONS AND FINANCE
13. International Cooperation: Agreements and Instruments
14. Regional Development and Cooperation
South Pacific
15. National and Sub-national Policies and Institutions
NZ experience - RMA, ETS
16. Cross-cutting Investment and Finance Issues

13. Who should contribute Research networks
NzOnet
nitrous oxide expert group chaired by Dr Cecile DeKlein
MethaNet
methane (ruminants) expert group chaired by Dr Harry Clark
CarboNet
soil carbon expert group chaired by Dr Frank Kelliher, network administrator - Carolyn Headley
Composition - science, government policy and industry membership
Focus – national inventory, measurement and mitigation incorporation into national inventory

14. Who should contribute New Zealand Research Centres
Centre for Advance Engineering
University of Canterbury - George Hooper Executive Director National understanding of emerging technologies and facilitating early adoption of advanced technology solutions.
School of Forestry
University of Canterbury - Bruce Manley - Head of School - planted forestry
International Global Change Institute
Waikato University - Janet Bornman Director - integrate knowledge on the natural and human dimensions of global environmental change
NZCEE
Massey University explores the links between the environment, economy and people.

15. Who should contribute New Zealand Research Centres
New Zealand Climate Change Research Institute
Victoria University, Martin Manning, climate change science and public policy
Climate Change Centre
David Wratt, NIWA, adaptation focus
SLURI - Sustainable Land Use Research Initiative
Brent Clothier, Plant and Food, soil sustainability including soil carbon
Royal Society of NZ- NZ Climate Committee
David Wratt
New Zealand Biochar Research Centre
Massey University - Jim Jones and Martha Camps

16. Who should contribute Centre for Agricultural GHG Research
Objectives
Develop a greater range of mitigation options focused on NZ’s agricultural GHG emissions sources and sinks
Improve co-ordination of domestic agricultural GHG emissions research across all relevant sectors
Exploit environmental and productivity co-benefits from GHG emissions research
Maximise the potential to deliver practical GHG mitigation/abatement solutions on-farm to the agricultural sector

17. Peter Reads “Negative Emissions” Scenario
Peter Read: died November 24, He was at a meeting in Brussels assessing bioenergy options in Africa.
Peter Read was amongst the first to publicise the idea of achieving ‘negative emissions’ by combining bioenergy production with carbon capture and storage
The IPCC fifth assessment process now includes a negative emissions scenario based on the use of biochar.
It has been incorporated into the EU’s ‘Flagship Programme’ for carbon capture and sequestration.