1. reason why each drug may
Think of one
harmful effect, and
one beneficial
reason why each drug may
be used.

2. Click and Reveal! COCAINE CANNABIS CAFFEINE Sexism 5 HEROIN STEROIDS
BENEFIT This drug is
used at the dentist for
pain relief
HARMFUL high blood
pressure, cardiac arrest,
addiction
PARACETAMOL
BENEFITS pain relief
HARMFUL can cause
liver damage and death
if correct dosage
is not followed.
BENEFITS can relax
When used in
moderation
HARMFUL liver
damage, throat
cancer,addiction
ALCOHOL
BENEFICIAL relaxes you
HARMFUL loss of
coordination, bronchitis,
Lung cancer
CANNABIS
Click and Reveal!
CAFFEINE
BENEFITS keeps
you alert,stimulent.
HARMFUL can
cause insomnia
and mood swings
Sexism 5
HEROIN
BENEFITS used in
medicine and
anaesthetics
HARMFUL coma and
death
BENEFITS reduce
inflammation and
swelling
HARMFUL can stunt
growth and change your
appearance
STEROIDS

3. Drugs in sport and alcohol
Learning objectives
Describe the effects of alcohol use on the body and society.
Can drugs ‘enhance performance’ in sport?
Is the use of steroids in sport unethical?

4. Drugs in sport
Evaluate the use of drugs to enhance performance in sport.
Consider the ethical issues of performance enhancing drugs.
Describe some effects and risks of these drugs.

5. WHO’S WHO

6. 1. Lee Bowyer – Football – Marijuana 2
1. Lee Bowyer – Football – Marijuana 2. Dwain Chambers – Athletics – THG (tetrahydrogestrinone – Anabolic steriod) 3. Linford Christie – Athletics – Nandrolone (Anabolic Steroid) 4. Rio Ferdinand – Football – Missed test 5. Ed Giddins – Cricket – Cocaine (Pain Killer) 7. Alain Baxter – Alpine Skiing – Methamphetamine (stimulants) 8. Shane Warne – Cricket – Diuretics 9. Marion Jones – Athletics – THG 10. Ben Johnson – Athletics – Stanozolol (Anabolic steroid)

7. Performance enhancing drugs
This is known as doping.
Many performance-enhancing drugs are banned by sports' governing bodies.
These are taken to gain an unfair advantage.
It is illegal & is often harmful.
All of these drugs are banned.

8. Why do performers take drugs

9. Social Reasons: Pressure to win, earn money, fear of losing
Physiological Reasons: to build muscles, increase energy, lose weight, reduce tiredness
Examples:
Painkillers - masks athletes pain
Anabolic Steroids - growth of muscle
Sedatives - steady hands and good aim
Beta blockers
Diuretics
Narcotic analgesics
Stimulants
Peptide Hormones (erythropoietin/EPO
Social Reasons: Pressure to win, earn money, fear of losing
Examples:
Nicotine
Alcohol
Caffeine
Cannabis
Cocaine

10. WHY YOU SHOUDN’T TAKE DRUGS IN SPORT

11. BEING A BAD ROLE MODEL Competitive Reasons: Unfair advantage
Reflects bad on sport
Health Reasons:
Addiction
Lower life expectancy
Organ Disease
Legal Reasons!
BEING A BAD ROLE MODEL

12. Male
Athletes

13. Female Athletes

14. Anabolic Steroids

15. Anabolic Steroids Drugs that mimic the male sex hormone
testosterone and promote bone and muscle
growth
The most commonly used to enhance
performance in sport, because they produce
improvement quickly
They increase muscle mass and develop
bone growth, therefore increasing strength
while at the same time allowing the athlete to
train hard and recover quicker

16. Anabolic Steroids stomach aches, jaundice, muscle tears,
Steroids increase aggression and some athletes take it mainly for this reason. The other side effects for anabolic steroids include:
acne
aggression
cardiovascular disease
palpitations
enlarged heart
cancer
decreased blood clotting ability
headaches
anxiety
depression
impotence
deepening of voice and growth of
facial hair
increased risk of stroke and heart
attack
liver disease
stomach aches,
jaundice,
muscle tears,
enlarged prostate,
premature hair loss,
stunted growth,
immune system suppression,
insomnia,
sterility, and
anaphylactic shock
increased risk of muscle injury
infertility in women
death
high blood pressure

17. Beta Blockers

18. Beta Blockers

19. Beta Blockers Drugs that are used to control the heart
rate and have a calming and relaxing effect
Commonly prescribed for people with
heart problems as they maintain a low
heart rate and lower blood pressure. As a
result stress levels and anxiety are reduced
Used in target sports where steadiness and
precision are required, because they reduce
the heart rate

20. Beta Blockers Beta Blockers can reduce a fit person’s
heart rate to a dangerous level. The
other side-effects of beta blockers
include:
- Nausea and diarrhoea
- Tiredness
- Depression
- Insomnia and nightmares

21. Diuretics

22. Diuretics

23. Diuretics Drugs that elevate the rate of urine reduction
Certain foods are natural diuretics, but some
synthetic diuretics are banned
Diuretics increase the amount of urine
produced and increase kidney function,
therefore speeding up the elimination of fluid
from the body
This can help performers who need to lose
weight, such as boxers and jockeys.

24. Diuretics Diuretics are also taken to reduce the
concentration of other banned
substances in the urine. The side effects
of diuretics include:
- Dehydration
- Dizziness and nausea
- Muscle cramps
- Kidney failure

25. Narcotic Analgesics

26. Narcotic Analgesics

27. Narcotic Analgesics Drugs that can be used to relieve pain
These are used more commonly in
combat sports as well as used to return to
sport more quickly after injury
These drugs act by depressing the central
nervous system and give relief from pain
injuries
However by allowing an injured player to take
part, can increase the risk of severe injury

28. Narcotic Analgesics As well as heightening the risk of getting
longer lasting injuries, the side effects of
narcotic analgesics include:
- Loss of concentration
- Loss of balance
- Loss of coordination
- Emotional effects, including
hallucinations

29. Stimulants

30. Stimulants

31. Stimulants

32. Stimulants Drugs that have an effect on the central
nervous system, such as increased
mental and/or physical alertness
This group includes amphetamines,
ephedrine, and cocaine as well as
caffeine and nicotine
They increase alertness by stimulating
the CNS and help overcome tiredness

33. Stimulants Stimulants are also used recreationally
as well as to enhance performance, the
side effects of stimulants include:
- Insomnia
- Irritability
- Irregular heart beat
- Increased heart rate
- High blood pressure
- Addiction

34. Peptide Hormones & EPO

35. Peptide Hormones & EPO

36. Peptide Hormones & EPO Drugs that cause other hormones to be produced
As well as increasing muscle growth
and helping with recovery, they
increase the number of red blood cells,
allow the body to carry extra oxygen
We produce hormones naturally, but
they can be synthetically produced by
drugs

37. Peptide Hormones & EPO Human growth hormones (HGH)
increase muscle development, which
is why these are used by several
sports participants
HGH is thought to have fewer side-effects
than steroids
Erythropoietin (EPO) is used to treat people
with anaemia and it increases the production
of red blood cells and therefore the amount of
haemoglobin available to take up oxygen

38. Alcohol
Objectives
Describe the effects of alcohol on the human body and behaviour

40. Binge drinking awareness
Binge drinking girl
Binge drinking boy
Unseen damage

41. Effects of Alcohol Barney and Homer go to Moe’s.
They each have 7 pints of Duff.
What short term effects does alcohol have on each of them?

42. ALCOHOL
Short term effects
Long term effects

43. Short term effects of alcohol
The short term effects of alcohol include;
Sleepiness
Altered judgment
Poor balance
Poor muscle control
Blurred vision
Slurred speech

44. Long term effects The long-term effects of alcohol include;
Damage to the liver, heart, lungs, stomach and brain (amongst others)
The liver removes alcohol from the bloodstream, as it is a toxic chemical.
Over time, alcohol consumption can lead to liver damage - cirrhosis.

45. A Healthy Liver

46. Alcohol Abuse

48. The brain
Alcohol abuse can lead to damage to the cells in the brain

49. Areas of the Brain Affected by Alcohol
Cortex – responsible for conscious thought & actions
Medulla – controls breathing & heart rate
Cerebellum – controls movement & posture

50. The heart Alcohol in large amounts damages the heart.
It also damages arteries and make can cause blockages
This can lead to a heart attack or stroke

51. The lungs Alcohol makes you more likely to catch chest infections
An overdose of alcohol can stop you breathing

52. Stomach ulcers

54. Alcohol
The alcohol in alcoholic drinks, such as wines beers and spirits is called ethanol.
I think alcohol is a [stimulant/depressant] because………..

55. Alcohol is a depressant as it slows down the functioning of the nervous system
What is the maximum number of beers you should drink in a week according to government guidelines?
Man
Woman

56. How many units? 3

57. How many units? 2

58. How many units? 2

59. How many units? 2 Most glasses sold now are large
glasses that are in fact 3 units

60. How many units?
1.5

61. How many units? 1

62. No more than 14 units in a week

63. Look at the tables below
Look at the tables below. Choose the correct letter from the ‘Descriptions and consequences’ list and write it in the appropriate box in the ‘Drug’ list.
Letter
Drug
Description
Alcohol A
Addictive and causes most drug-related deaths in the UK
Tobacco B
Hallucinogen – causes major psychological problems
Cannabis C
Addictive, attacks liver and brain, causes social problems. A depressant
LSD D
Mildly addictive, present in tea, cola and coffee. A stimulant
Caffeine E
Seen as a soft drug but can lead to psychological difficulties
Heroin F
Calming drugs, can be addictive
Tranquillisers G
Very addictive, leads to many social problems

64. Answers
Look at the tables below. Choose the correct letter from the ‘Descriptions and consequences’ list and write it in the appropriate box in the ‘Drug’ list.
Letter
Drug
Description C
Alcohol A
Addictive and causes most drug-related deaths in the UK
Tobacco B
Hallucinogen – causes major psychological problems E
Cannabis
Addictive, attacks liver and brain, causes social problems. A depressant.
LSD D
Mildly addictive, present in tea, cola and coffee. A stimulant
Caffeine
Seen as a soft drug but can lead to serious psychological difficulties G
Heroin F
Calming drugs, can be addictive
Tranquillisers
Very addictive, leads to many social problems