1. What are today’s objectives ?
12/8/2017
What are today’s objectives ?
Increase understanding of Paydirt Sitework.
How Sitework uses the grid cell method.
How data types affect surface modeling.
How to get the information you need.
How to combine a multiple sheet take-off.

2. What will we be doing ? Pre-Assessment
12/8/2017
What will we be doing ?
Pre-Assessment
Sitework’s use of the Grid Cell Method.
How each data type affects the grid.
Specific Takeoff Situations
How to use the Cut/Fill Location Report.
How to produce a stake out report for field use.

3. Calculating Cut / Fill Volumes
12/8/2017
Calculating Cut / Fill Volumes
Must create a model for each Surface.
Existing Surface Model.
Proposed Surface Model.
Each model must be adjusted to subgrade.
Compare the 2 models to get cut / fill volumes.
More accurate models yield more accurate results.

4. Basic Steps of Manual Gridding
12/8/2017
Basic Steps of Manual Gridding
Overlay or draw a grid on the site plan.
For each surface
interpolate elevations for all grid intersections.
calculate the average elevation of each grid.
Calculate volume of cut or fill in each grid.
Add up the cells to get the total cut / fill.
Typically 1/2 to 1 inch grid squares

5. Site Plan with Grid Overlay

6. Grid Cell Method

7. Sitework's Implementation of the Grid Cell Method.
12/8/2017
Sitework's Implementation of the Grid Cell Method.
User inputs data for each surface.
Sitework
Defines the grid rectangle.
Places data onto the grid.
Calculates the affect of the data.
Smoothes the surface.
Adjusts the grid for enclosed areas.
Calculates volumes based on the Area of Interest.
This is an overview of the steps Sitework goes through after you have input data into Sitework.

8. Site Data

9. Define the grid rectangle

10. Existing with Grid Overlay

11. Place data onto grid

12. Calculate remaining cells

13. Proposed with Grid Overlay

14. Calculate Volumes based on AOI

15. Calculate Volumes based on AOI

16. Sitework’s Data Types Areas of Interest Boreholes Contour Lines
12/8/2017
Sitework’s Data Types
Areas of Interest
Boreholes
Contour Lines
Control Points
Cut Stakes
Elevation Points
Layers
Sloping Areas
Sloping Lines
Structures

18. Surface data types Define Sitework’s data types
12/8/2017
Surface data types
Define Sitework’s data types
What data types affect the grid
What data types do not affect the grid
What data types work together
When to use the different data types

19. Data Types that DO NOT affect gridding
12/8/2017
Data Types that DO NOT affect gridding
Area of Interest
Determine cells to be used for calculating volumes.
Do not affect how elevations are assigned to grid intersections.
Control Points
Allows the coordinate system to be redefined.
No direct affect on the gridding process.
Cut Stakes
Provide Information specific site locations.

20. Areas of Interest (AOI’s)
12/8/2017
Areas of Interest (AOI’s)
Define a boundary for volume calculations.
Have no elevation.
Must be enclosed.
Data can be entered outside an AOI.
Data outside an AOI is used for surface model.
Master AOI is default for volume calculations.
Master AOI is critical for accurate volumes.

21. 3 Categories of Surface data
Line data
2 or more digitized points.
1st and last points do not have to meet.
Point data
1 digitized data point.
Enclosed Data
1st and last point must meet (minimum of 3 points).
have no affect outside their boundary.

22. Line data Data types Properties Contour lines Sloping lines
Assigned to a series of grid intersections.
Creates a wall of data.
Influences grid on both sides of line.

23. Line data creates a wall of data

24. Line influences in both directions

25. Point data Data types Properties Elevation Points Boreholes
Consists of 1 digitized data point
Assigned to 1 grid cell intersection

26. Point data assigns only 1 point

27. Line & Point data work together
Grid is built from line and point data.
Line & point data is placed on the grid & assigned to grid intersections.
Unassigned intersections are interpolated from line & point data.
All grid intersections are given an elevation based on line and point data.

28. Enclosed Areas Data Types Properties Layers Sloping Areas Structures
Have no affect outside their boundary.
Affect takes place after the grid has been built.
Make adjustments to the grid.

29. Enclosed Areas adjust the grid
Effect on grid takes place after grid is built.
Marks intersections affected by enclosed area.
Adjust the grid for affected intersections only.
No grid cells outside an enclosed area boundary are adjusted.

30. Structures Define an area to be perfectly flat.
Contours, Sloping Lines, Elevation Points
do not affect the elevation of a structure.
their affect takes place during the grid generation.
Replace intersection values with structure elevation.
Have no affect outside their boundary.

31. Contour #1 / Structure

32. Contour #1 / Structure A A’ B B’

33. Contour
Structure

34. Places value for all grids first

35. Then adjusts grid for structure

36. Sloping Areas Could be called Sloping Structures.
Have a uniform slope.
They cannot bend.
Slope % = % of grade (50% = 2:1).
Have no affect outside their boundary.

38. Layers Have no elevation. Adjust the grid by their thickness.
Thickness is subtracted from affected intersections.
Do not alter the slope of a site.
Have no affect outside their boundary.
Stacked Layers accumulate.

39. Flat site with Layers

41. Sloped site with Layers

43. Layers versus Structures

44. Stacked Layers add up

46. More Preferences in Sitework
Layers under structures (Two Choices)
affect subgrade
do not affect subgrade
Layers affect subgrade
Layers lower elevations under structures & slope areas
Layers Do not affect subgrade
Layers do not lower the site under structures or sloping areas

47. Preferences - More Preferences

48. Layers affect subgrade under Structures
Structures are first enclosed area placed on grid.
Sloping Areas are second.
Layers are last.
If Sloping Area overlaps a structure the sloping area takes precedence.
Layers will adjust grid by thickness after the affect of Structures and Slope Areas has happened.
Layers do not affect subgrade
Layers first, Sloping Areas second. then Structures.
Sloping Areas and Structures cancel the affect of a layer they overlap when placed on grid.
If a Structure and a Slope Area overlap the Structure takes precedence.
Enter elevation at subgrade or use thickness to adjust to subgrade for both Structures and Slope Areas.
Can still use layers to separate material volumes.

49. Contour and a Contour
Contour 100
Contour 100
Contour 90
Contour 90
The situation where the contour lines overlap is a problem because the 100 affects inside the square and the 90 affects outside.

50. Contour overlapping a Structure
This situation is not a problem because the contour’s effect occurs before the structure is placed on the grid, so the area stays flat.

51. Estimator should decide what to do with these contours.
Open-ended contours can be a problem. They should begin and end somewhere.
Estimator should decide what to do with these contours.

52. Do these contours have to carry through?10 8 6 4 2

53. These open-ended contours are okay because their influence is contained.10 8 6 4 2

54. Tying data together Proposed contours need be carried out.
Do not stop where they tie to Existing.
How far out should contours be carried.
Through the edge of the AOI.
Look at the data outside AOI to see if needed for better surface model.

55. Carry Existing Contours through AOI

56. Carry Proposed Contours out with Existing Contours

57. Do not stop where they tie to Existing

58. THE END ...