1. Classical period (1750-1820) Characteristics of music in this period:
Graceful, detailed elaboration
Light, flowing melodies
Short, simple phrases
Use of dance rhythms
Variety and contrast were used
Increased use of crescendo, decrescendo & sforzando
Crescendo – gradually louder
Decrescendo – gradually softer
Sforzando – sudden, strong accent
Frequent changes in mood

2. Franz Joseph Haydn
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3. Franz Joseph Haydn (1732-1809) Born in Austria
Joined church choir at age 8
Learned to play the violin and keyboard instruments
His most original ideas were in his string quartets and symphonies (an extended orchestral work in several movements, usually 3 or 4)

4. Franz Joseph Haydn ( )
String Quartets were designed for amateur musicians
His string quartets were considered “chamber music”
Def. – “Ensemble instrumental music for up to about ten performers with typically one performer to a part” 4

5. Haydn’s music Wrote more symphonies than anyone else.
Called the “Father of the Symphony”
Possibly wrote 106 symphonies
12 symphonies were his greatest achievement in orchestral music, known by nicknames – “Clock,” “Surprise,” “Drum Roll,” “Miracle,” “Farewell”
His symphonies & string quartets followed the pattern of the Classical era – the 1st & 4th mvmts. are fast, the 2nd is slow, and the 3rd is a minuet (a dance in 3,4 time)

6. Haydn’s music
String Quartet Opus 76 No. 3 is nicknamed “Emperor” because in the second movement, Haydn quotes the melody from "God Save Emperor Francis", an anthem he wrote for Emperor Francis II (The same melody is used for the German national anthem)
German anthem -