1. Reading Logs
Monday: What are the 4 major components of blood and their functions? Pg
Tuesday: What is hematopoiesis and what triggers it? Pg
PROGRESS REPORTS WILL BE FINALIZED THURSDAY! CHECK YOUR GRADES

2. Bellwork Erythrocyte Leukemia Leukocyte Thrombus Thrombocyte
Using your word parts (and only your word parts!), define the following terms.
Erythrocyte
Leukemia
Leukocyte
Thrombus
Thrombocyte
Polycythemia
Leukopenia
Hematopoiesis
Thrombocytopenia
Hemocytoblast

3. HEMATOLOGY * STUDY OF BLOOD & ITS DISORDERS

4. FUNCTIONS OF BLOOD Transportation:
a. gases (O2, CO2) b. nutrients(glucose) c. wastes (ammonia)
Regulation: a. pH b. body temp
Protection: a. clotting (platelets) b. defense (WBC)

5. Physical Characteristics of Blood
1. Color: scarlet red (O2 )  dull red (O2 )
2. pH: 7.35–7.45
3. Blood volume: ~ 5 liters
4. Connective Tissue

6. Label the Parts of a Blood Sample
High School pg 341
College pg 654
Plasma
Formed Elements
Buffy Coat
Hematocrit

8. Composition of Blood PLASMA = Liquid part (55%)
(90%)
(7%)
1. Most abundant solutes in plasma
2. Produced by the LIVER (except antibodies)
Figure 10.1 (1 of 2)

9. Composition of Blood (II)
FORMED ELEMENTS (45%)
1. “Leukocytes” = White blood cells (WBCs)
2. “Thrombocytes” --Platelets
3. “Erythrocytes” = Red blood cells (RBCs) => 45%
Buffy coat < 1 %
Figure 10.1 (2 of 2)

10. Photomicrograph of a Blood Smear
Figure 10.2

11. ERYTHROCYTE STRUCTURE
SPERICAL or BI-CONCAVE DISK
ANUCLEATED (NO NUCLEUS) – cannot reproduce
Elastic and Flexible – to pass through narrow capillaries
Hemoglobin-
transport O2 and CO2
Gives blood its red color
Live about 120 days

12. Leukocytes
For each of the five groups of leukocytes, put the percentage of the total white blood cell count that they comprise.
Neutrophil
Eosinophil
Basophil
Lymphocyte
Monocyte
High School 346
College 653
Then order then from most abundant to least abundant.

13. Leukocytes Granulocytes Agranulocytes Contain granules Lack granules
Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Eosinophils
Monocytes
Basophils

14. Leukocytes
Phagocitize (engulf) small particles, specific to bacteria and fungi Increase during acute bacterial infections (meningitis, appendicitis, etc.)
1. Neutrophil (50 – 70%)

15. Leukocytes Can you identify this parasite? 2. Eosinophil (2 – 4%)
Respond to parasitic worms, reside in loose connective tissues where worms are prone to enter the body Complex roles in allergy and asthma
Can you identify this parasite?

16. Leukocytes 3. Basophil (0.5 – 1%)
Migrate to injury site, accumulate in damaged tissue Histamine (dilates blood vessels and attracts other WBCs)

17. Leukocytes
Largest Leukocyte phagocytizes large particles Fight chronic infections Move into body tissues  Become Macrophages
4. Monocyte (3 – 8%)

18. Leukocytes 5. Lymphocyte (25 – 45%)
provides SPECIFIC immunity Housed in Lymphatic Tissues

19. Leukocytes Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas Neutrophils Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Eosinophils
Basophils
Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas

20. Thrombocytes (Platelets)
Cell fragment lack a nuclei live for 10 days formed in red bone marrow half the size of rbc
Control blood loss from broken blood vessels

21. Review your words from the start of class…
What do you think the effects would be in someone with:
Leukopenia?
Thrombocytopenia?

22. Hematopoiesis Read and take notes:
What is hematopoiesis and how is the process regulated?
Hint: Explain the Homeostatic Pathway associated with this process
High School: pg 347 – 349
College: pg

23. Hematopoiesis = blood cell formation
Red Bone Marrow
(myeloid tissue):
1. sternum
2. ribs
3. pelvis
4. ends of humerus
& femur
Lymph Nodes & Thymus
Figure 10.4

24. Control of Erythrocyte Production
Rate controlled by a hormone = ERYTHROPOIETIN
KIDNEYS produce erythropoietin as a response to reduced oxygen levels in the blood
Reduced O2 levels in blood
Stimulus: Decreased RBC count, decreased availability of O2 to blood, or increased tissue demands for O2
Increased O2- carrying ability of blood
Erythropoietin stimulates
Kidney releases erythropoietin
Enhanced erythropoiesis
Red bone marrow
More RBCs
Normal blood oxygen levels
Imbalance
Figure 10.5