1. Physical Properties of Matter
Chapter 7 Lesson 2

2. Physical Properties
A physical property is a characteristic of matter that you can observe or measure without changing the identity of the matter.

3. Mass and Volume Mass is the amount of matter in an object.
Volume is the amount of space something takes up.
Size-dependent properties
they depend on the size of a sample

4. State of Matter

5. Melting and Boiling Point
The temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid is its melting point.
The temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas is its boiling point.
Size-independent properties
They do not depend on the size of the sample.

6. The boiling point of water is 100°C at sea level
The boiling point of water is 100°C at sea level. The boiling point does not change for different volumes of water.

7. Density Density is the mass per unit volume of a substance.
Size-independent property
Example: The density of gold is 19.3 g/cm3. It doesn’t matter if you have a small or large piece.

8. Density Calculation Density = Mass / Volume
A shiny piece of metal has a mass of 34.1g and a volume of 14 cm3. What is its density?
D= m / V
D= 34.1 g / 14 cm3
D= 2.4 g/cm3

9. Conductivity and Solubility
Electrical conductivity is the ability of matter to conduct, or carry along, an electric current.
Thermal conductivity is the ability of a material to conduct thermal energy.
Solubility is the ability of one substance to dissolve in another.
Size-independent properties

10. Separating Mixtures 1. state of matter 2. volume
Since mixtures are 2 or more materials that are physically blended, you can separate them using differences in physical properties.
1. state of matter
A liquid can pour off a solid.
2. volume
A filter can separate different sized particles.

11. 3. boiling/ melting points
Each part will boil away at different temperatures.
4. density
Materials with greater density sink. Those with less density float.
5. solubility
Soluble materials can be dissolved to separate them from insoluble materials.

12. 6. magnetism
Use a magnet to attract iron, cobalt or nickel from a mixture