1. Chapter 4
Empire in Transition
Empire in Transition
Chapter 4

2. SALUTARY NEGLECT

3. George I

4. Robert Walpole

6. Navigation Acts:
Laws that control trade and restrict manufacturing in the Colonies

7. Most government officials in England had never been to America
How do you make informed decisions?

8. Colonial Agents
Men who represent a colony and try to influence MPs

9. The colonial agent for New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts and Georgia:

10. Royal officers in America:
Some good
Some get job thru bribes or family connections
Substitutes hired to go in place of appointee

11. By 1750 Colonial Assemblies see themselves as mini-Parliaments
Claim power to tax and pass laws

12. Power of the Purse

13. Albany Plan:
Parliament sets up a government to oversee the colonies and handle common issues such as Indian relations
Colonies keep internal power

14. Who’s idea?
Ben Franklin

15. The French in North America

17. Iroquois
Mohawk
Seneca
Cayuga
Onondaga
Oneida

18. European Wars:
King William’s War
Queen Anne’s War
King George’s War

19. FORT DUQUESNE

21. Governor Robert Dinwiddie

22. Col. George Washington

23. Fort Necessity

24. Start of:
French & Indian War
Which turns into Seven Years War

25. British & Americans have to fight together, but can’t get along
British think colonist are, “lowest dregs of humanity”
Colonist think British officers are too aristocratic and refuse to drill like British Regulars

26. Colonist do not fight in classic European style
British call it irregular war or American way of war

27. 3 Phases of the war
Local war in Ohio Valley
War goes to Europe
England wins

28. Phase 1- Local War
England sends new general to defeat French
Edward Braddock

29. Edward
Braddock

30. French Indian War

31. Phase 2
War spreads to Europe, England suffers several defeats
Select a new head of government

32. William Pitt

33. Phase 3-England Kicks Butt
Fort Duquesne falls
Quebec – Wolfe
Montreal

34. Wolfe at Quebec
Wolfe at Quebec

35. Peace of Paris 1763
France off of North America
Just some Caribbean islands

36. Results of French and Indian War

37. *England’s War Debt
*England feels Colonist did little to help
*Outside threat gone

38. *New lands open up
*France wants REVENGE !!!

39. Problems for England
Debt - £140 million
Indian uprising – Pontiac’s Rebellion
British spending £7000 to collect
£2000

40. George Grenville

41. *Standing Army
*Enforce Nav. Acts
*Regulate Expansion
*New Revenue

42. Proclamation Line
of 1763

43. George III

44. Sugar Act
Reduced tax from 6 pence to 3
But, enforced it !

45. Less than Englishmen
Rights imply equality

46. Virtual Representation

47. Currency Act of 1764
Colonial Assemblies must recall any paper money issued

48. Colonies hurt by lack of unity
*between colonies
*within colonies

49. Conflict between established areas and frontier
Frontier feels underrepresented, over taxed and unprotected

50. 1763 Paxton Boys - Penn.
march on Phily
1771 Regulator Movement-NC
fight with colonial militia

51. New policies have something for everyone to hate
Merchants
Settlers
Planters
City workers
New taxes, enforcement
Proclamation of 1763
Tariffs raise prices
No manufacturing

52. Writs of Assistance
A general warrant that allows the holder to search anywhere
Valid as long as the king is alive
Colonists will agrue these are a violation of their rights

53. James Otis
Argues Writ of Assistance case
Later goes a little mad
Dies after being struck by lightning while standing in a friend’s doorway

54. STAMP ACT
1765

55. While Sugar Act affected only some colonist, mostly New England, Stamp Act falls on all Americans

56. Stamp Act effects there influential groups :
Printers
Lawyers
Tavern owners

57. Virginia Stamp Act Resolves
Patrick Henry
Have rights of
English men
Can only be taxed by
House of B.

58. Massachusetts - James Otis
Gets assembly to issue call for inter-colonial meeting about the Stamp Act

59. STAMP ACT CONGRESS

60. 9 of 13 colonies show up
Decide on boycott of british goods
Sons of Liberty to enfoce decision

61. 1766
Stamp Act Out
Declaratory Act In

62. Parliament has authority over the colonies “in all cases whatsoever”

63. Charles
Townshend

64. Quartering Act 1765
Colonies must provide quarters and supplies for troops in America
New York refuses

65. Townshend Act
Paper Paint
Glass Lead
Tea

66. American Board of Custom Commissioners

67. Massachusetts Circular Letter
Sam Adams

68. Non-importation
Imports cut by >50%
NY £482,000 to £74,000

69. Letters From a Farmer
John Dickinson

70. Parliament has the right to regulate trade.
Does not have the right to raise revenue
“we are all but parts of a whole”

71. Boston Massacre

73. Committee of Correspondence

74. John Locke
Social Contract

75. Gaspee

76. Tea Act
1773

77. Boston Tea Party

78. Who is this man?

79. Coercive/Intolerable Acts

80. Boston Port Act Massachusetts Gov. Act Admin. Of Justice Act
Quartering Act
Quebec Act +

81. 1st Continental Congress
September 1774
Philadelphia
12 colonies

82. Reject Galloway’s plan of colonial union
Nonimportation
Statement of grievances
Agree to Suffolk Resolves
Meet again next spring

83. General Thomas Gage
Has plan to defuse the tension in the Boston area

84. Lexington Commons

86. Buckman Tavern