1. Voyages of Discovery and the European Encounter with the New World
Key Questions:
Which European countries explored and colonized?
What were their reasons? Justifications?
How was this linked to other aspects of the Renaissance?
How did the colonizers regard the New World inhabitants?
What was the impact on the colonizers and the colonized?
(Short and long-term consequences?)
Wealth Trade Routes Adventure Spread Christianity Prestige

3. SPANISH EXPLORATION & CONQUEST OF THE NEW WORLD

4. 1540s – California claimed by Spain; Coronado explored New
Columbus claimed Santo Domingo and other Caribbean islands for Spain
between 1492 and 1504
Vespucci sailed for Spain in 1499 (his former patron was Francesco de Medici)
Pizarro conquered Peru (later murdered by his comrades)¨
Ponce de Leon explored Florida coast in 1513; was governor of Puerto Rico
Vasco de Balboa crossed Panama isthmus and saw Pacific Ocean in 1513
Hernando Cortes conquered Mexico
Jacques Cartier claimed St Lawrence Seaway and Quebec for France in 1534
1540s – California claimed by Spain; Coronado explored New
Mexico and Texas in 1540
1607 – Virginia colony
1620 – Plymouth colony (Puritans)
Dutch establish colonies – New Amsterdam (New York) in 1620s

6. Pizarro
Hernando Cortes
Amerigo da Vespucci
Ponce de Leon
Balboa
Vasco da Gama

7. Pedro Alvares Cabral
Brazil 1500
Treaty of Tordesillas 1494
Divided the New World between Spain & Portugal

8. COLUMBUS’ first encounter with Indians
The myth of the ‘noble savage’

9. or, monstrous savage?

10. Were the Aztec bloodthirsty?

11. The Spanish Conquest of Mexico
Requerimiento (1510)
BERNAL DÍAZ The True History of the Conquest of New Spain
 FRAY BERNARDINO DE SAHAGÚN
the Florentine Codex (1585)

12. A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies1552
BARTOLOME DE LAS CASAS – 16th CENTURY DOMINICAN FRIAR
A CRITIC OF SLAVERY & CRUEL TREATMENT OF NATIVE AMERICANS
A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies1552

13. Aztec Account
Las Casas