1. The Spanish and Native Americans Pages 41-45
Chapter 2 Section 3
The Spanish and Native Americans
Pages 41-45

2. Vocabulary encomienda: grant of Native American slave labor
hacienda: large farm or estate
mission: settlement created by the Spanish church in order to convert Native Americans to Christianity
Bartolome de Las Casas: Spaniard who fought for Native American rights.
Columbian Exchange: transfer of plants, animals and diseases between the Western and Eastern hemispheres.
plantation: large farm that raises cash crops
export: to send abroad for trade or sale

3. Vocabulary page 48
slavery: practice of one person being owned by another
middle passage: middle leg of the triangular trade route that brought captured Africans to the Americas to serve as slaves
slave codes: law passed to regulate the treatment of slaves
racism: belief that some people are inferior because of their race

4. Reteach Activity
1. Spain created two provinces called viceroyalties, each ruled in the king’s name by a viceroy.
2. Spanish-born colonists made up the top layer of society. Also, people of Spanish descent who were born in the colonies, called Creoles, ranked below colonists born in Spain.

5. Reteach Activity Continued
3. The Church built missions to convert Native Americans to Christianity. Missions increased Spanish control of the land.
4. Las Casas freed the Native Americans he was given as part of his encomienda. His efforts led to the New Laws, which promised to free all enslaved Native Americans.
5. The Colombian Exchange brought European livestock and plants, such as cattle, pigs, horses, grapes, onions, and wheat to the New World. Also, the Colombian Exchange brought European diseases such smallpox and measles to the New World.

6. Reteach Section 4 1. slavery 2. plantations 3. guns 4. middle passage
5. auctions
6. maroons
7. slave codes
8. racism

7. Essential Question : How did Europeans transform life in the Americas?
The land was settled by colonists to enrich the Spanish empire.
Missions established by the Spanish Church changed Native American life.
The Spanish king issued the New Laws, which were later reversed.
The Columbian Exchange brought new crops and diseases to Native Americans and new plants and animals to Europe.

8. How did Europeans transform life in the Americas?
The Spanish and Portuguese founded the plantation system.
The Spanish and Portuguese preferred Africans over Native Americans for slave labor.
The slave trade lasted nearly 400 years and formed part of the Columbian Exchange.