1. Cellular Respiration

2. Respiration
The breakdown of simple food molecules such as glucose and the release of the energy it contains
Respiration does not refer to a person breathing

3. Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration
Aerobic- Occurs in the presence of oxygen
Anaerobic- Does not occur in the presence of oxygen. Does not yield as much energy

4. Aerobic: Glucose + oxygen yields carbon dioxide + water

5. Energy is produced in the form of ATP(Adenosine Triphosphate)
ATP is a high energy molecule that the body uses as its source of energy
Respiration is the process that produces ATP

6. Aerobic Respiration

8. Aerobic Respiration Begins with glycolysis (cytoplasm – 2 ATP)
Pyruvic acid (3-carbon compound) moves into mitochondria
Krebs cycle (2 ATP produced)
Electron transport chain (32 ATP produced)

9. Glycolysis First Stage of respiration
Glucose is broken down in the cytoplasm
The mitochondria can only breakdown smaller molecules to yield energy
Pyruvate
3- carbon sugars
Occurs in both aerobic and Anaerobic respiration
Produces a net yield of 2 ATP
How many carbons does glucose have?

10. Glycolysis

12. Second Step of Cellular Respiration Krebs Cycle
Small molecules (pyruvate) broken down further
The chemical reactions require oxygen
Minimal amount of energy is released
Known as the krebs cycle
Occurs in the mitochondrial matrix
Produces electron carriers
Positively charged molecules
Produces 2 ATP

14. Electron Transport Chain
Movement of electron carriers (NADH and FADH2) across the cell membrane
A hydrogen ion gradient is produced by actively transporting hydrogen ions out side of the mitochondria
As the hydrogen ions diffuse back into the cell through the enzyme atp synthase ADP and a phosphate ion are bound producing ATP.
Yields 34 ATP

16. Anaerobic Respiration

17. Anaerobic (alcohol fermentation):
Glucose→ ethanol alcohol + carbon dioxide

18. Anaerobic (lactate formation): Glucose → lactic acid

19. Fermentation Occurs during anaerobic only No additional ATP are made
End products vary
Yeast: ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide
Yeast is used to make bread rise (because CO2 is produced) and to make alcohol products
Bacteria: lactic acid

22. Muscle Fatigue Caused when not enough oxygen is reaching the muscles
Lactic Acid builds up and is not broken down fast enough
The more mitochondria there are in an area the less fatigued the muscles get

24. Recap Aerobic: Glycolysis & Kreb’s cycle/electron transport chain
Anaerobic: Glycolysis & Lactate Formation or Alcohol Fermntation

26. Respiration of Fats and Proteins
Cells can utilize other organic compounds in aerobic respiration
Compounds produced enter at a different point in the pathway

27. http://www. teachersdomain. org/resource/tdc02. sci. l ife. cell
ife.cell.mitochondria/