1. Performing Arts Rigging
Unit 46

2. To be able to set up and connect electrical equipment
Todays objectives
To be able to set up and connect electrical equipment
Loudspeaker Systems
Line/Mic Level systems
Mains power systems
Lighting (dimmers/power)

3. Loudspeaker Systems PA Systems (Public Address System)
Can anybody name
anything they see
In this picture?

4. Loudspeaker Systems Consists of – Cabling Connectors Crossovers
Amplifiers
Flying Hardware

5. Loudspeaker Systems Cabling XLR Used for Inputs and outputs of a sound
desk.
Female
Male

6. Loudspeaker Systems
Cabling
XLR Mic Mixer

7. Loudspeaker Systems Cabling (after amplification) Speakon
Used for inputs
and outputs of
amps

8. Loudspeaker Systems
Cabling
Speakon
Mixer Amp speakers
XLR
Speakon

9. Loudspeaker Systems Connectors XLR – Joins together – ‘daisy chain’
Speakon – uses connector

10. Loudspeaker System Crossovers
A crossover divides a single signal into two or more frequency bands to speakers
They allow independent control of the output level of each frequency band

11. Loudspeaker Systems Crossovers Can be active or passive.
Passive crossovers are usually built into speaker cabinets
Active crossovers usually come in the form of a 19" 1U rack-mounted box

12. Loudspeaker Systems Amplifiers
An amplifier is an electronic devise that increases the power of a signal.

13. Loudspeaker Systems
Flying Hardware
Line Array

14. Line/Mic Level Systems
Cabling
Line
Mic (What cable uses this input?)

15. Line/Mic Level Systems
Line inputs – Jack Cable

16. Line/Mic Level Systems
A mic input accepts signals from microphones or other devices that output at "mic level", which is very, very low. So those inputs include a preamp, which boosts the mic level
A line input is a signal that is already at the higher level that a mic preamp would boost a mic to, such as a CD player, iPod
A mic plugged into a line input will be almost inaudible. Something like a CD player plugged into a mic input will distort horribly. That's why the two level standards exist.

17. Line/Mic Level Systems
Multicore systems
(Loom/Snake/Stage box)

18. Line/Mic Level Systems
Mixers
Analogue Digital

19. Line/Mic Level Systems
Effects & Processing – EQ, Dynamics etc.
Analogue Digital

20. Line/Mic Level Systems
Playback equipment
Old Current
CD/Minidisk/tape Computer (Qlab)

21. Mains Power Systems Power distributions 3 phase 16amp 4Way
We will work with ..
4Way

22. Mains Power Systems Calculations
The amount of electrical energy transferred to an appliance depends on its power and the length of time it is switched on. The amount of mains electrical energy transferred is measured in kilowatt-hours, kWh. One unit is 1 kWh.
E = P × t
E is the energy transferred in kilowatt-hours, kWh
P is the power in kilowatts, kW
T is the time in hours, h.
A 2 kW Par can is switched on for 3 hours. It uses 2 × 3 = 6 kWh of electrical energy.

23. Mains Power Systems Safety Procedures
An RCD (residual current device) is a sensitive safety device that switches off electricity automatically if there is a fault
Circuit breakers
Fuses (in plugs)

24. Lighting
Connection of Dimmers (The Difference?)
13 amp
15 amp

25. Lighting Dimmer Power – 15 amp Main Difference – NO FUSE! ROUND PLUG!
Controlled by Dimmers
Breaker at dimmers
Used for Incandescent lighting (heated filament)

26. Demo Connect together a full PA system
Connect a (Mic Level) Microphone
Connect (Line Level) iPhone (mini-jack)
Looking at 15amp plugs
Plug Lamp into 15amp socket.