1. DIABETES
THE SIMPLE FACTS

2. Ponca City High School Current enrollment 2007-2008 1466
Reported Medical Concerns
464
32%
6 students with Diabetes
These are kids with Diabetes – Not Diabetics they are not who they are because of their disease process. Mr. Woody and I hope to present to you short Medical Information on at least a quarterly basis to help meet the medical education for the students

3. What is Diabetes?
Diabetes is a chronic disease in which the body does not make or properly use insulin, a hormone needed to convert sugars, starches and other food into energy.

4. Can occur at any age but mainly occurs with children and young adults
Diabetes Types
TYPE I
is a disease of immune system where the insulin producing cells of the pancreas are destroyed
Can occur at any age but mainly occurs with children and young adults
This was known as Juvenile Diabetes

5. TYPE II
Is a disease where there is a problem with the body’s response to insulin
Found mainly in adults but rapid increase of young adults being given diagnosis
The body cannot use the insulin properly -

6. children born in the year 2000
will develop
Diabetes by 2050

7. GOAL
TO CONTROL THE BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS BY KEEPING THE BLOOD SUGAR WITHIN A TARGET RANGE

8. Key to reaching this goal is a balancing act of food, exercise and insulin/medication

9. Normal Blood Sugar Level
or Target Range
80 – 150

10. Vocabulary GLUCOSE SIMPLE SUGAR found in the blood
The body’s main source of energy
“Blood Glucose” or “Blood Sugar”
HYPOGLYCEMIA
A LOW blood sugar level
HYPERGLYCEMIA
A HIGH blood sugar level

11. HYPOglycemia – LOW sugar
Onset:
sudden
may progress to unconsciousness if not treated
can result in brain damage or death
Level of Severity:
Mild – Moderate - Severe
Mild – Moderate = treatable on site Severe: Call 911 -

12. HYPOglycemia: Risks and Complications
Greatest immediate danger
Not always preventable
Impairs cognitive and motor functioning
Early recognition and intervention can prevent an emergency

13. HYPOglycemia: Possible Causes
- Too much insulin
- Too little food or delayed meal or snack
- Extra physical activity
- Illness – Hormone Changes
- Medications

14. HYPOglycemia: Signs and Symptoms
Shakiness
Weakness
Paleness
Blurry Vision
Unable to concentrate
Sleepiness
Change of behavior - Anger

15. HYPOglycemia: Severe Symptoms
- Convulsions (Seizures)
- Loss of Consciousness
- Inability to swallow
INITIATE 911
DO NOT GIVE STUDENT ANYTHING BY MOUTH –
GLUCAGON INJECTION IF AVAILABLE

16. HYPOglycemia: Action
FIRST – Verify Blood Sugar level is Glucometer is available
IF No Meter available – TREAT for HYPOglycemia with SIMPLE SUGAR

17. SIMPLE SUGARS 4 oz. Orange Juice 4 oz. Regular Soda – NOT DIET
15 gm Glucose Tabs – 2 – 3 tablets
15 gm Glucose Gel – 1 package/tube
1 – 2 Teaspoons honey
3 Teaspoons Sugar
4 – 6 small pieces of hard candy
This does not include a Snickers Bar with all the fat mixed with the sugar. Students are advised to carry simple sugars with them -

18. TREAT the student on the spot with SIMPLE SUGARS and obtain blood sugar level as soon as possible – repeat blood sugar level in 15 minutes
If blood sugars are low, student is in need of your EMERGENCY help – they cannot take care of themselves

19. Vocabulary HYPERglycemia – to high a level of glucose in blood
Ketones – chemicals that the body makes when there is not enough insulin in the blood. The body must break down fat for its energy.

20. HYPERglycemia – High Sugar
There is to much sugar in the blood, BUT the cells are starving.
Onset:
usually slow onset
can occur rapidly with Insulin Pumps

21. HYPERglycemia: Risks and Complications
If untreated for an extended period
Coma
Death

22. HYPERglycemia: Possible Causes
Late, missed or too little insulin
Expired Insulin
Food not covered by insulin dosage
Decreased physical activity
Ilness, Injury
Stress
Hormones or medications
Menstrual periods

23. HYPERglycemia: Signs and Symptoms
Labored breathing
Weak
Confused – combative
Change in behavior - Angry

24. HYPERglycemia: Actions
Check blood sugar level with Glucometer
Check Ketone levels – “Pee on a Stick”
if small – moderate – treat with Water
if large – Call parent – may need to have Insulin given – Initiate 911 – transport patient

25. DISTRICT ACTIONS NEVER
send a student who you suspect of having “low blood sugar” to the Attendance Office by themselves.
Send another student with them to the Attendance Office or call for assistance in the classroom

26. WHEN YOU NEED ASSISTANCE
ADVICE THE STAFF
WHO YOU ARE
WHERE YOU ARE
WHAT THE EMERGENCY IS
WHO THE STUDENT IS

27. Principal and Counselors are advised of students with health related issues by the School Nurse Consultant on at least once a Trimester or more often as needed
Health related issues are considered CONFIDENTIAL under HIPPA and information is to be shared with persons only assisting with the care/services of that student

28. School Nurse Consultant will send reminder of health related issues to Principal and Counselors at the beginning of each Trimester or more often as indicated.
Counselors will be responsible to notify student’s teachers for the Trimester of the students health issue and provide appropriate emergency material to staff.

29. Please advise/contact School Nurse Consultant is you become aware of any student health issue.

30. Health Services Web Site
District Web Site
Administrative Departments
Health Services