1. SC and the New Nation

2. Bell Work
1. The colonist disguised themselves as Native Americans and threw tea into the Boston Harbor. By what name did this event become known? a. The Townsend Duties b. The Boston Massacre c. The First Continental Congress d. The Boston Tea Party Answer: 2. The Sons of Liberty in Charlestown did what? a. Prevented stamp agents from landing in charlestown b. Made sure all colonist paid the stamp tax c. Raised a gallows and hung effigies of stamp collectors d. Marched to Boston to help the Sons of Liberty there

3. Agenda
Notes/Discussion: Development of SC’s new state government
Key Focus: New State Government after AR
Model and Guided practice Chain of Events G.O.
CFU: Pair Share, Q & A
Closure: Q and A graphic organizer
Independent Practice : Complete chain of events graphic organizer
Reflection

4. Prior Knowledge South Carolina – First - Proprietary Government
Next- Royal Government
Who governed the colony when it was royal?
Did the King of England come to SC to rule?
The King appointed governors and a Grand Council ( 12 men selected by the king)
There was also a Commons House
( elected by the colonists)

5. Introduction South Carolina and the New Nation
The struggle for independence had devasted South Carolina
Farms and plantations were in ruins
Old trading patterns with Great Britain & the Caribbean colonies had been broken
25% of the labor force had been stolen by Britain
Bitterness caused by the nature of the conflict still remains

6. South Carolina New State Government
8-2.6

7. FOCUS STATEMENT
Explain the role of South Carolinians in the establishment of their new state government.

8. Informational Text and G.O.
South Carolina formed an independent government before the first shots of the Revolution were fired.
Let’s fill in the Chain of Events graphic organizer using the informational text provided to see how South Carolina formed its new state government.

9. Model And Guided Practice
The General Meeting elected a Committee of 99 [15 merchants, 15 artisans and 69 planters] that became the de facto government. Although the royal governor was still in Charleston, most of the residents of the city obeyed the Committee of 99, so it was the government in fact (de facto) if not by law (de jure).
I Do:First: The General Meeting elected a committee of 99
These men governed the colony during the time of the American Revolution
Residence obeyed the Committee of 99

10. Model And Guided Practice
In November of 1774, the General Meeting called for the election of delegates to a Provincial Congress. Representation in this congress was disproportionally from the Lowcountry. The Provincial Congress raised an army, issued currency, created a committee to enforce nonimportation and commissioned the writing of a constitution that eventually was approved as the Articles of Confederation. However not everyone in South Carolina was happy with this government or agreed with nonimportation, especially the people of the backcountry. The provincial government sent a delegation to the backcountry in an attempt to make peace. In the Treaty of Ninety Six, the backcountry agreed that they would remain neutral in the fight with Great Britain. Later the Provincial Congress sent a force to defeat the loyalist militia and silence opposition from the backcountry.
YOU Do: Then: Nov The general committee elects members to a Provincial Congress–

11. Chain of Events – South Carolina and their New State Government
First: The General Meeting elected a committee of 99
Then: Nov The general committee elects members to a Provincial Congress
Next: South Carolina adopts its first constitution
Finally: South Carolina adopts its second constitution

12. Chain of Events – South Carolina and their New State Government
First: The General Meeting elected a committee of 99
Then: Nov The general committee elects members to a Provincial Congress

13. Close What were the responsibilities of the Provincial Congress?
Answer: Raise an army
Issue currency
Create a committee to enforce non- importation
Commission the writing of a new constitution

14. Independent Practice Complete the Chain of Events chart
Be prepared to share answers with the class.

15. Chain of Events – South Carolina and their New State Government
Next: South Carolina adopts its first constitution
Finally: South Carolina adopts its second constitution

16. Bell Work
1. The first Europeans to introduce new diseases to Native Americans in South Carolina were the: a. English b. Spanish c. French d. Dutch Answer: 2.The first written plan of government in the US a. The Declaration of Independence b. The Mayflower Compact c. The Magna Carta d. The Articles of Confederation

17. Agenda
Notes/Discussion: SC’s role in the establishment of the national government
Key Focus:
South Carolina’s role in establishing the government
Establishing of the Articles
Strengths and weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation
Annotate text to find relevant information and bullet SC’s role in establishing the national government
I Model highlighting and bulleting
We work together
Closure: Students finish annotating and bulleting notes
Independent Practice : Students will write a paragraph using their bulleted notes Explaining South Carolina’s role in establishing the national government.

18. The United States Government
8-3.1

19. FOCUS STATEMENT
Explain the role of South Carolinians in the establishment of the national government.

20. Type of Colony government
Review- Colonial Governments There were three types of governments in the English colonies during the 1600s. These governments were royal, proprietary, or self-governing.
Type of Colony government
Description of Colony
Example
Royal Colony
Colonies under the rule of the monarch
Monarch appoints a royal governor and councils
Georgia
South Carolina
North Carolina
New Hampshire
Connecticut
New Jersey
Massachusetts
Virginia
Proprietary Colony
A group or individual is given ownership of the land from the monarch
The proprietors rent land and pay rent to the monarch
The proprietor is usually the governor of the territory
Maryland
Pennsylvania
Self-Governing Colony
NO official charter from a monarch
Rhode Island

21. Relevance Do all countries use the same currency?
No! Many times when you travel to another country you have to exchange American dollars for the currency used in the country you are visiting
What would it be like today if you had to use a different kind of currency when you went to another state?
After the American revolution the states were like separate little countries. All of the states used a different currency.
This was only one of the problems of national government after the American Revolution.
We are going to see that the government that was in place at this time was not efficient.

22. The Revolution is now over! What happens next?
Introduction
The Revolution is now over! What happens next?

23. Articles of Confederation
After declaring independence from Great Britain, the colonies knew that if they wanted to grow and prosper, they would need a plan for unity.
Effective March 1, 1781, the colonies were governed by the Articles of Confederation.
Magna Carta
1215
English Bill of Rights
1689
Articles of Confederation 1781
Declaration of Independence
1776
Mayflower Compact
1620
After declaring independence from Great Britain, the colonies knew to grow and prosper, they needed a plan for unity. Effective March 1, 1781, the colonies were governed by the Articles of Confederation.
Thomas Jefferson
Author of the “Declaration of Independence”

24. CFU
How were the colonies governed after the Declaration of Independence?
Answer:

25. Articles of Confederation
This was the first form of written government in the US.
Created a limited Central Government with many holes.
Gave states ability to govern themselves.

26. CFU What was one of the Powers of The Articles of Confederation?
What was one of the weaknesses?
Task/Activity
Create a T-chart listing the strengths and the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation.

27. The Articles of Confederation
Strengths
Weaknesses
Congress did not have the power to enforce laws
Laws had to be approved by 9 out of 13 states
Congress had no power to raise taxes
Congress had no power regulate foreign or state trade
Make treaties
Had the power to declare war and peace,

28. FOCUS STATEMENT
Explain the role of South Carolinians in the establishment of the national government.

29. Shay’s Rebellion
Shay’s Rebellion- Uprising of Massachusetts's farmers, led by Daniel Shay, to protest high taxes, heavy debt, and farm foreclosures. This backcountry rebellion in Massachusetts [Shay’s] raised the fear of insurrection, other states called for a meeting in Philadelphia to amend the Articles and strengthen the national government

30. The Articles of Confederation
The Articles of Confederation posed many challenges. The powers of the central government were weak and the articles were impossible to amend.
John Adams
Founding Father and 2nd President
Articles of Confederation 1781
The Federalist Papers
United States Constitution
1788

31. Task/Activity
Students will use informational text to find the role of South Carolinians in the establishment of the new national government. Students will write the Essential Question in their notes then bullet relevant information found in the text. I Model: I will model annotating text, then bulleting the role of South Carolinians in establishing their new national government. Guided Practice: We will work together to annotate text and bullet information Close: Students finish annotating and bulleting information Independent Practice: Students will write a paragraph explaining the role of South Carolinians in the establishment of the new national government

32. SC’s Role In The Establishment of the New National Government
South Carolinians took an active role in the establishment of the new national government. The Continental Congress acted as the first national government of the United States. South Carolina was the only one of the thirteen states to fully meet its financial obligation to the Continental Congress. South Carolinian Henry Laurens served as president of the Continental Congress and later on the committee that negotiated the Treaty of Paris for the government under the Articles of Confederation.
I model____________________________________

33. SC’s Role In The Establishment of the New National Government
South Carolinians took an active role in the establishment of the new national government. The Continental Congress acted as the first national government of the United States. South Carolina was the only one of the thirteen states to fully meet its financial obligation to the Continental Congress. South Carolinian Henry Laurens served as president of the Continental Congress and later on the committee that negotiated the Treaty of Paris for the government under the Articles of Confederation. Guided____________________________________ ____________________________________

34. CFU
Remember we are looking for the role that South Carolinians played in establishing the new national government?
So…… What role did South Carolinians play so far?
Met its financial obligation
Henry Laurens was president of the CC
Henry Laurens helped negotiate the Treaty of Paris

35. Close
What roles did South Carolinians play in the new National government? Students will complete Cornell notes.

36. Independent Practice
Write a paragraph explaining the role of South Carolinians in establishing the new national government.

37. Bell Work
1. Native Americans began to settle in permanent villages when they: a. Started to become food producers b. Started to become food gatherers c. Started to become traders d. Started to become hunters Answer: 2. What was one direct impact of the Stono Rebellion? a. Many African slaves received their freedom b. The Emancipation Proclamation was issued c. Harsher laws were passed to control slaves d. Many plantations owners went bankrupt

38. Agenda CFU: Pair Share, Q & A Closure: Q & A (iPads)
Notes/Discussion: Explain the tensions between the Upcountry and the Lowcountry of South Carolina including:
Key Focus:
Their economic struggles after the Revolutionary War,
Their disagreement over representation in the General Assembly,
The location of the new capital, and the transformation of the state’s economy
CFU: Pair Share, Q & A
Closure: Q & A (iPads)
Independent Practice : Journal Entries

39. Reminders
Study Notes Nightly

40. FOCUS STATEMENT
Explain the tensions between the Upcountry and the Lowcountry of South Carolina, including their economic struggles after the Revolutionary War, their disagreement over representation in the General Assembly, the location of the new capital, and the transformation of the state’s economy

41. Quick Review: Frayer Model
Definition:
Tension- A feeling of nervousness that makes you unable to relax
Characteristics:
Rapid heartbeat
Sweaty palms
Stress
Pressure
Worry, anxiety
Examples:
The feeling you have when you don’t trust someone
The feeling you have when you are arguing with someone
The feeling you have when you are afraid of something
Non-examples:
The feeling of knowing you can trust someone
Peaceful
Relaxed
Stress free

42. Would that cause tension?
Boys v/s Girls
What if there were different rules here at the school for boys and girls?
Would that be fair?
Would that cause tension?

43. BITTER FEELINGS IN THE BACK COUNTRY
Unfair treatment
Local gov’t laws
Tax
laws
Lowcountry v/s
Upcountry
Hard feelings existed between the Back Country and the Low Country before the war and they continued to exist after the war.
Central location for state capital
8-3.1

44. Lowcountry v/s Upcountry

45. Lowcountry & Upcountry
Students will analyze the tensions between the upcountry and Lowcountry using informational text
I will model by annotating text and adding to the Graphic organizer
Students will work in groups to complete a graphic organizer using their findings
Students will then share group answers on white iPads
Close: Q and A on white boards
Independent practice Journal Entry

46.  I will model annotating text and filling in graphic organizer
The tensions between the people of the Upcountry and the Lowcountry of South Carolina, evident in the Regulator Movement (8-1.6), were exacerbated/worsened by the Revolutionary War as Lowcountry Patriots fought backcountry Loyalists. These tensions continued after the Revolutionary War ended. The Upcountry [after the revolution the backcountry was called the Upcountry] is the area in the northwestern part of the state, originally the home to the Cherokees. The first white settlers to move to the area were traders and woodsmen, so they were viewed by the Lowcountry elite as “uncivilized.” The Lowcountry was the area that surrounded the city of Charleston along the Atlantic coast of the state. The Lowcountry was the first area settled in the state, and eventually the plantation owners in the area grew rich from the export of rice and indigo.

47. FOCUS STATEMENT
Explain the tensions between the Upcountry and the Lowcountry of South Carolina, including their economic struggles after the Revolutionary War, their disagreement over representation in the General Assembly, the location of the new capital, and the transformation of the state’s economy

48. Lowcountry & Upcountry
Tensions
UpCountry
LowCountry
Social
Economic
Political

49. Tensions Upcountry Lowcountry
Social
Upcountry seen as uncivilized by the Low country Elite
Upcountry- Subsistence farmers - few slaves – Poor
Lowcountry- Rich plantation owners- status depended on slave holdings
Economic
Both areas suffered after the war. Countryside ravaged. Slaves, livestock and goods taken by the British.
Mercantilism- No more economic subsidies or market protection.
US and state governments in debt- could not pay back citizens.
Poor Crop yields.
Invention of the Cotton Gin
Now the Backcountry has a Cash crop
Political
Upcountry Loyalist fought Low country Patriots in the American revolution
Lowcountry elite had little respect for Upcountry people
Most political power in the Lowcountry
Lowcountry had more representation in the legislature
Lowcountry resisted giving Backcountry more representation
( Feared the Upcountry farmers did not support slavery)
Charleston was the state capital
Legal business transacted in Charleston
Lowcountry Patriots fought Backcoutry loyalist in the American Revolution
1785 Counties and County Courts were created
The Capital was moved to Columbia
Cotton Gin- Created the need for slave labor in the UpCountry
Compromise of Reaportionment

50. SC Lowcountry

51. LowCountry The SC Lowcountry was the area that
surrounded the city of Charleston along the
Atlantic coast of the state.
The Lowcountry was dominated by the planter
elite whose economic well being and social
status depended on their slave holdings.
The Lowcountry was very worried about the
Upcountry gaining legislative power because
they might want to end slavery.

52. CFU
Why was the Lowcountry worried about the upcountry gaining political power?
Answer:

53. SC Upcountry

54. SC Upcountry Most were subsistence farmers
They did not have large plantations and large slave holdings.
The Upcountry people objected to having to travel so far to present issues to the legislature
Not much education
Population mainly whites
Little say in government

55. CFU What were some of the characteristics of the Upcountry people?
Subsistence Farmers
No large Plantations
Not much education
Mainly white population
Little say in government

56. Pair Share
Based on what you know about the two areas of SC, what might have caused conflicts between the two?

57. FOCUS STATEMENT
Explain the tensions between the Upcountry and the Lowcountry of South Carolina, including their economic struggles after the Revolutionary War, their disagreement over representation in the General Assembly, the location of the new capital, and the transformation of the state’s economy

58. Eli Whitney & The Cotton Gin
Invention of the cotton gin .
After the Revolutionary War the Lowcountry had major trouble recovering economically.
Eli Whitney created the Cotton Gin that removed seeds from cotton.
After declaring independence from Great Britain, the colonies knew to grow and prosper, they needed a plan for unity. Effective March 1, 1781, the colonies were governed by the Articles of Confederation.
Farmers able to
quickly separate
cotton fibers
from the seeds
Cotton becomes
a highly
profitable crop.
More slaves are brought to the plantation to provide extra labors to pick cotton
More laborers are
needed to pick the increased cotton
crops planted by farmers.
Farmers grow more cotton
to make more money and
keep up with demand.

59. King Cotton 2 Types: Sea Island and Short Staple
Problems: Sea Island cotton would grow only in the warmest areas. Short staple cotton had numerous seeds that were hard to pick out of the boll.
Cotton soon spread to the Up Country and provided SC with a common economic base.

60. CFU
How is the growing of cotton related to bringing South Carolinians together?

61. King Cotton
After the Revolutionary War the Lowcountry had major trouble recovering economically.
Cotton unlike Indigo and Rice could be grown in the Upcountry. This created an economic relationship that helped bring South Carolinians together.

62. Plantation owners began to earn a lot of money growing cotton.
This caused farmers to increase their dependency on slave labor.
“The First Cotton Gin" (image from 1869)

63. How did cotton effect South Carolina?
The invention of the cotton gin made cotton a viable crop for the Upcountry
The Upcountry now had a greater need for slave labor
As the number of slaves increased, the Lowcountry becomes more willing to share political power
1808 Reapportionment ( representation is now based on white population and taxable property, this includes slaves.
Areas that had the most slaves continued to have more control over the legislature
But now both the Lowcountry and the Upcountry have their share of slaves and so their share of political power.

64. How did tensions begin to be eased?
In 1785 counties and county courts created
The capital was moved to Columbia ( just as the national capital was moved to the District of Columbia)
The Low country began to share political power with the Upcountry. Why?

65. Closure It’s a Show Down
The people in this area were thought of as uneducated, uncivilized, and poor?
Upcountry/backcountry
This area fought for equal representation in government.
This area was considered wealthy, with educated people
Lowcountry
This invention brought the two areas together politically and economically
The Cotton Gin
Closure

66. Journal Entries INDEPENDENT PRACTICE
Have students write 2 diary entries. The first entry they are to imagine that they are living as a wealthy plantation owner in the lowcountry of South Carolina during the early 1700s. Have each student write a journal entry describing one average day in his or her life. In the second entry they are to imagine they are a farmer living in the upcountry and describe his or her daily life. Make sure students consider the economic, political, and social problems of farmers in both areas.
INDEPENDENT PRACTICE