1. Aim: What are the major principles of Buddhism?

2. Ideas behind Buddhism Founder: Siddhartha Gautama
 Why do people suffer?
Founder: Siddhartha Gautama
Find middle road between pleasure & suffering!!!

3. Siddhartha Gautama (563-483 BCE)
Prince
Left wife and child to find enlightenment and meaning of existence
Lived strict, ascetic life for 6 yrs.: Rejected this extreme, sat in meditation, and found nirvana.
Became “The Enlightened One,” at 35.

4. Desire! What causes suffering?
Therefore, get rid of desires & don’t obsess about what you want
Became Enlightened by recognizing the 4 noble truths

5. Four Noble Truths
There is suffering in the world. To live is to suffer.

6. Four Noble Truths
The cause of suffering is self-centered desire and attachments.

7. Four Noble Truths
One must eliminate desire and attachments. (Nirvana = “extinction”)

8. Four Noble Truths
The ONLY way to reach nirvana, is to follow the Eightfold Path.

9. Nirvana Eightfold Path
union with the ultimate spiritual reality & escape from the cycle of birth (samsara)!

10. The Buddha Vs. Hinduism union with the universe!
What does the Buddha achieve that no other Hindu could ever achieve??
union with the universe!
Therefore, what is a MAJOR difference between Hinduism & Buddhism??
Buddhists do NOT believe in the Caste System!!

11. Buddha – 19c Thailand

12. Buddha’s head :
2c Pakistan

13. Mandala: Wheel of Life Motif

14. Mandala: Wheel of Life Motif

15. Buddhist Altar

16. Religions of South Asia

17. Buddhism in the Subcontinent

18. Types of Buddhism Therevada Buddhism Mahayana Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism
Zen Buddhism

19. Theravada Buddhism The oldest school of Buddhism.
The “Way of the Elders” or the “Small Vehicle.”
Found in southern Asia.
The monastic life is the best way to achieve nirvana. ex: monks!!!
Focus on wisdom and meditation.
Goal is to become a “Buddha,” or “Enlightened One.”
Over 100,000,000 followers today.

20. Theravada Buddhism

21. Mahayana Buddhism The “Great Vehicle.”
Founded in northern Asia (China, Japan).
Buddhism “for the masses.”
Seek guidance from Boddhisatvas, wise beings.
Goal: Not just individual escape from the wheel, but the salvation of all humanity through self-sacrifice of those enlightened few.

22. Mahayana Buddhism

23. Seated Boddhisatva – 16c Bhutan

24. boddhisatva

25. Tibetan Buddhism The “Diamond Vehicle.” [Vajrayana]
Developed in Tibet in the 7c CE.
A mix of Theravada and Mahayana.
Boddhisatvas include Lamas, like the Dalai Lama.

26. The Dalai Lama

27. zen Buddhism The “Meditation School.”
Seeks sudden enlightenment [satori] through meditation, arriving at emptiness [sunyata].
Use of meditation masters [Roshi].
Beauty, art, and aesthetics:
Gardens.
Archery.
Tea ceremony.
Calligraphy.

28. Buddhism in America (1999)

29. Relieve Stress & Meditate:
Ohm...mani...padme...hung...