1. The digital divide: how to improve the situation ?
Vincent Breton
Institut des Grilles du CNRS
LPC Clermont-Ferrand
Credit: L. Maigne, P. de Vlieger, A. da Costa

2. World digital inclusion (www.maplecroft.com)

3. Priorities for addressing the digital divide
enable the national research and education communities to connect to the global dedicated research and education network infrastructure
deploy advanced collaborative services on top of the network
integrate national efforts into sustainable regional infrastructures and foster collaboration and interoperability to encourage inclusiveness
Conclusions of the Sharing Knowledge Workshop, March 2010, Dead Sea

4. enable the national research and education communities to connect to the global dedicated research and education network infrastructure
deploy advanced collaborative services on top of the network
integrate national efforts into sustainable regional infrastructures and foster collaboration and interoperability to encourage inclusiveness

5. Recommendations related to networking
The network connections of the Mediterranean and African countries are improving, but many administrative and political obstacles exist, according to the experience of local researchers
Raising the awareness of the need and impact of telecom regulations reform and enforcement through internal and external channels should be a priority for policy makers in order to develop networks within these regions
exemplary approach of Jordan authorities

6. Network Update EUMEDCONNECT provides the only R&E links to GEANT:
7 MED countries
700 academic and research sites
2m + users
Still 34 – 155 Mbps capacities
Telco markets are still largely
uncompetitive

7. Priorities identified at Sharing Knowledge Foundation workshop
enable the national research and education communities to connect to the global dedicated research and education network infrastructure
deploy advanced collaborative services on top of the network
integrate national efforts into sustainable regional infrastructures and foster collaboration and interoperability to encourage inclusiveness

8. From a single PC to a grid
Grid infrastructure:
Internet + disk and storage resources + services for information management ( data collection, transfer and analysis)
Volunteer computing: CPU cycles made available by PC owners
Entreprise grid:
mutualization of ressources in a company
Farm of PCs
Examples:
Decrypthon
World Community Grid
Example:
Novartis
Example:
EGEE

9. What is the Grid?
The World Wide Web provides seamless access to information that is stored in many millions of different geographical locations
In contrast, the Grid is a new computing infrastructure which provides seamless access to computing power, data and other resources distributed over the globe
The name Grid is chosen by analogy with the electric power grid: plug-in to computing power without worrying where it comes from, like a toaster

10. The grid added value for international collaboration
Grids offer unprecedented opportunities for sharing information and resources world-wide
Grids are unique tools for :
Collecting and sharing information
Networking experts
Mobilizing resources routinely or in emergency
To change: View -> Header and Footer

11. The Grid Paradigm Web: Uniform Access to Information and Documents
Web: Uniform Access to Information and Documents
Software
catalogs
Sensor nets
Grid: Flexible and High Performance access to (any kind of)
resources
Computers
Data Stores
Colleagues
On-demand creation of powerful virtual computing and data systems

12. EGEE ~13,000 users 140,000 LCPUs (cores) 260+ sites 25Pb disk
~13,000 users
140,000 LCPUs (cores)
260+ sites
25Pb disk
39Pb tape
12 million jobs/month +45% in one year
Bob Jones - EGEE09

13. User Communities (in 2009) >13000 Registered Users
Consistent doubling every months.
High Energy Physics largest users / contributors
Growing contributions from other disciplines
Domain
VOs
Users
AstroPhy & Astronomy 20
373
Comp Chem 4
347
Comp Sci 21
Earth Sci 7
142
Fusion 2 68
High Energy Phys 36
8577
Life Sci 9
379
“Regional” 26
1658
Other 28
1816
TOTAL
136
13381
Accounting Portal:
CIC Portal:
>13000 Registered Users
Bob Jones - EGEE09

14. World LHC Computing Grid
Source: EGEE Accounting Portal

15. The French National Grid Initiative
Legal framework: Groupement d’Intérêt Scientifique (Scientific Interest Group)
Partners: Ministère de la Recherche, CNRS, CEA, RENATER, INRIA, INRA, CPU et INSERM
Mandate
Operate a national production grid infrastructure
Foster its adoption by scientific user communities
Develop collaboration between grid users and HPC computer scientists
Community around Grid5000/ALADDIN research grid
Budget: multiannual dedicated funding from the French Ministry of Research (TGIR program)
1M€ in 2010 for equipment and travel funds
Web site: (from May 31st)

16. Are grids only for rich countries ?
Grids are powerful instruments to address digital divide
Clouds are not !
All grid users access the same services and resources
Requirement: an access point (or User Interface) to the grid
There are two conditions
Network connectivity
Training of local users and administrators 16

17. Other grid infrastructures around the world17 17

18. Training events
Bob Jones - EGEE09

19. The EPIKH Project (www.epikh.eu)
“Exchange Programme to advance e-Infrastructure Know-How” (EPIKH)
EU FP7- Marie Curie Actions – People - International Research Staff Exchange Scheme (IRSES)
Consortium “numbers”:
23 partners;
18 countries;
4 continents (Africa, Latin America, Asia, Europe);
115 persons involved;
>650 researcher-months;
>500 secondments;
Duration: March, 1, 2009 – February, 28, 2013 (48 months)
EC contribution: 1,188,000 €

20. The EPIKH Partners
Partners in common with EUMEDGRID-Support

21. The EPIKH goals Strategic aims:
Reinforce the impact of e-Infrastructures in scientific research defining and delivering stimulating programme of educational events, including Grid Schools and High Performance Computing courses;
Broaden the engagement in e-Science activities and collaborations both geographically and across disciplines.
Specific actions:
Spreading the knowledge about the “Grid Paradigm” to all potential users: both system administrators and application developers through an extensive training programme;
Easing the access of the trained people to the e-Infrastructures existing in the areas of action of the project;
Fostering the establishment of scientific collaborations among the countries/continents involved in the project.

22. EPIKH secondments’ programme
1st Phase:
Non-EU → EU
(selected)
Res. Programs
2nd Phase:
EU → Non-EU
Grid Schools
(with 1st phase tutors)
Workshops
Cairo, EUMEDGRID-Support Kick-off Meeting,

23. Grants and applications (wiki.epikh.eu)
The call for applications is open !

24. Priorities identified at Sharing Knowledge Foundation workshop
enable the national research and education communities to connect to the global dedicated research and education network infrastructure
deploy advanced collaborative services on top of the network
integrate national efforts into sustainable regional infrastructures and foster collaboration and interoperability to encourage inclusiveness

25. The EUMedGrid-Support project
Support Action co-funded by European Commission under: Capacities specific program - Research Infrastructures - FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES
Project ID
Duration: 24 months
Start: 1st January 2010
Budget (EU contribution): 740 k€
Budget (Total): 867 k€

26. Project Partners
14 Partners + 2 Third Parties from 13 Countries

27. The EUMEDGRID e-Infrastructure
March 2008: 25 EUMEDGRID sites deployed in 13 countries, for a total of 1800 connected Servers and about 84 TBs of storage capacity

28. Objectives & Strategic Lines
Support the consolidation and expansion of the EUMEDGRID Infrastructure with a special emphasis on sustainability.
Top-Down approach:
High Level Policy Dissemination
Involve institutions and ministries to include eInfrastructures in the political agenda
Bottom-Up approach:
Create a Two Levels network of Competence Centres
Involve new user communities
Strongly cooperate with other projects and initiatives relevant for the Mediterranean
Create critical mass to exploit the available resources and build consensus.

29. A few examples of scientific collaborations on grids in life sciences

30. How grids can help medical development
Improve the ability to undertake health innovation
Strengthen the integration of life science research laboratories in the world community
Provide access to resources
Provide access to bioinformatics services
Contribute to the development and deployment of new drugs and vaccines
Improve collection of epidemiological data for research (modeling, molecular biology)
Improve the deployment of clinical trials on plagued areas
Speed-up drug discovery process (in silico virtual screening)
Improve disease monitoring
Monitor the impact of policies and programs
Monitor drug delivery and vector control
Improve epidemics warning and monitoring system

31. Grid-enabled in silico drug discovery
1 Million drug-like chemical compounds
FLEXX/
AUTODOCK
Molecular docking
drug-like compounds
Molecular dynamics
AMBER
1000 drug-like compounds
Complex
visualization
20% success rate for in vitro tests
Cost for in silico experiment:
100 CPU Years
Cost for in vitro tests:
1-10$ per compound
CHIMERA
100 drug-like compounds
in vitro tests
WET LABORATORY
in vivo tests 31 31

32. WISDOM 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Wisdom-I DataChallenge Wisdom-II
Malaria
Plasmepsin
DataChallenge
Avian Flu
Neuraminidase
Wisdom-II
Malaria
4 targets
DataChallenge
Diabetes
Alpha-amylase, maltase
GRIDS
EUROPEAN PROJECTS
INSTITUTES
EGEE, Auvergrid,
TwGrid, EELA,
EuChina,
EuMedGrid
Embrace
EGEE
BioInfoGrid
SCAI, CNU
Academica Sinica of Taiwan
ITB, Unimo Univ,, LPC, CMBA
CERN-Arda, Healthgrid, KISTI
More than 15 papers in peer-reviewed scientific journals
5 patents on molecules 32

33. WISDOM partners LPC Clermont-Ferrand: Biomedical grid SCAI Fraunhofer:
Knowledge extraction,
Chemoinformatics
KISTI
Grid technology
CEA, Acamba project:
Biological targets, Chemogenomics
Univ. Modena:
Biological targets, Molecular Dynamics
Chonnam Nat. Univ.
In vitro tests
HealthGrid:
Biomedical grid, Dissemination
ITB CNR:
Bioinformatics,
Molecular modelling
Academica Sinica:
Grid user interface
Univ. Los Andes:
Biological targets, Malaria biology
Univ. Pretoria:
Bioinformatics, Malaria biology 33 33

34. Discovering new drugs in Vietnam
PDB database
> D structures
including biological targets
for cancer, malaria, AIDS...
Question: are these products potentially
active against cancer, malaria, AIDS ?
Local DataBase of
Natural chemical products extracted from local biodiversity
Hanoï
INPC
Answer: focussed list of biological targets on which the compound is most active in silico 34

35. Monitoring the evolution of influenza viruses
Daily download
Grid DataBase
NCBI
International
database of influenza
genome sequences
Grid DataBase
Local database
of influenza genome sequences
Grid DB parsing
New candidate drugs
Phylogenetic analysis
Virtual screening
Daily updated data
on virus evolution 35

36. Conclusion Addressing digital divide is a complex task
Important efforts committed by the European Commission in the field of networks and grids
Opportunities to do science differently or at a larger scale using grid infrastructures
High energy physics, Life sciences and health, Earth sciences, Climate change
High Energy Physics can play a leading role as it does in Europe
CNRS will pursue active collaboration with Mediterranean countries
Already active collaborations on grids with african countries (Senegal, South Africa)
Involvment in EUMedGrid-Support and EPIKH through Institut des Grilles

37. joint EUMEDGRID-Support/EPIKH training & dissemination events in Alger
Joint EUMEDGRID-Support/EPIKH School for Grid Site Admnistrators, June, 27 - July, 1, 2010
Joint EUMEDGRID-Support/EPIKH School for Application Porting, July, 3-14, 2010
EPIKH Workshop, July, 15, 2010

38. Suggestion: an open source toolkit for the modelling of climate change
Background: polemics on climate change
« Last » episod: climategate
Beyond polemics: lack of consistency between existing models
Proposal: build an open source toolkit for the modelling of climate
Added value of the open source approach
Common tool
Transparency
Potential consensus
Grid added value: distributed data collection

39. Grids are learning to speak to each other
Grids have different operating systems or middlewares
EGEE has glite
Open Science Grid (USA) has Globus
Japanese grid has Naregi
Most desktop grids use Boinc
Progress with technology opens doors to interoperability of grids

40. EPIKH school