1. Nutrition & Digestion

2. Vocabulary Absorption – to take into
Calorie – measurement for the amount of energy in food
Chemical Digestion – Breakdown food into new substances
Enzyme – substance produced by the body to aid chemical digestion

3. Vocabulary
Hormone – substance produced and secreted by the body to control certain functions
Mechanical Digestion – breakdown food into smaller pieces
Peristalsis – wavelike muscle contractions to push food through the digestive system
Metabolism – all chemical reactions in the body

4. Nutrition: __________ needed for energy to carry out life functions
Energy in food is measured in ____________
Food
Calories

5. Nutrients: Nutrient Use Sources Primary source of energy Sugars:
Starches:
Fats
__________energy
__________ the body Cushion and support organs
Proteins
Build and ________
Fish, Lean meat
Eggs
Vitamins
Regulates _________the functioning of the body
Vit. C
Vit. D
Cakes
Carbohydrates
Starch Sugar  Glucose
Rice
Stored
Fried food, nuts
Insulate
FatsFatty Acids & Glycerol
Repair
Proteins  Amino Acids
immune
Maintains
Bones

6. Nutrients: Water Nutrient Use Sources Minerals Maintain body functions
Calcium
Iron
Sodium
Needed for chemical reactions to occur
Bones
Red blood Cells
Muscles
Water
Water, Juice
Dissolves nutrients so they can be transported throughout the body
Raw Fruit
Raw Vegetables
Bran
Roughage
(Fiber)
Provides bulk to help push solid waste out

7. Food Labels:

8. Food Labels: What is the size of one serving? ______________
How many calories are in one serving? _______
How many grams of fat are in one serving? ______
How much fiber is in one serving? ________
How many servings are in the container? _______
How many calories would you consume if you ate the whole container? _________
1 cup or 228 grams
260
12 grams
0 grams 2
520

9. Metabolism: The chemical reactions occurring in the body
Can be effected by hormones, ________, __________, and aging
Gender
Diet

10. Balanced Diet: Minimum daily intake of all nutrients
Effected by species, size, _______, ________, and activity
If you consume more calories than you use, you will _______ weight
If you consume less calories than you use, you will _______ weight
Scurvy: a disease due to a ________ intake of vitamin C
Diet affects the fetus during pregnancy
Gender
Age
Gain
Lose
Limited

11. Both pyramids show the amounts of each food
group need daily
The new food pyramid includes daily exercise and the old pyramid doesn’t

12. Digestive System: Breakdown
_______________ food into useable substances (____________)
Two types:
1. Mechanical: breakdown food into __________ _________
2. Chemical: breakdown food into simpler substances by using _____________
Absorption: nutrients are taken into the ____________system to be transported throughout the body
Nutrients
Smaller
Pieces
Enzymes
Circulatory

13. Organs that food passes through:
Function
Mouth
Teeth:
Salivary Glands:
No digestion takes place here
Peristalsis:
Stomach
Proteins broken down to simpler proteins
Ulcer
Most digestion occurs here
Villi
Mechanical digestion
Chemical digestion starch-> sugar
Esophagus
Muscular contraction
Secretes a thick wall of mucus
Irritation of the lining of the stomach
proteins-> amino acids; sugars-> glucose; fats-> fatty acids & glycerol
Small Intestine
Increases surface area; nutrients to be absorbed in to the circulatory system

14. Organs that food passes through:
Function
Large Intestine
Absorbs excess ________ to form solid waste
Stores solid waste
Anus
Water
Rectum
Releases waste

15. Organs that food does not pass through:
Function
Liver
Produces bile to breakdown _________
Store bile
Produces pancreatic juice to help with end digestion in the _________ _____________
Also produces insulin to regulate blood sugar level
Appendix
Fats
Gall bladder
Pancreas
Small
Intestine
No function
Appendicitis---inflamed, needs to be removed

16. Teeth- Mechanical Digestion – smaller pieces
Chemical Digestion
StarchSugar
No Digestion
Mechanical and Chemical Digestion
SolidLiquid and ProteinSimple proteins
Produces Bile
Produces enzymes for chemical digestion
Stores Bile
Chemical Digestion
SugarGlucose
ProteinAmino Acid
FatsFatty Acid and Glycerol
Absorbs excess water to make solid Waste
No Function
Stores Solid Waste
Eliminates Solid Waste

17. Review - Magnetism Strength is strongest at the poles (end)
Opposite poles attract, move towards each other (North and South)
Like poles repel, push away from each other (North and North or South and South)
The closer the magnets, the greater the attraction or repulsion
The farther away the magnets, the weaker the attraction or repulsion