1. Napoleon Bonaparte’s Foreign Policy

2. Europe in 1800

3. Napoleon Bonaparte: Foreign Policy
Americas:
Dealt with revolt in Saint-Domingue (slavery reinstated)
Sold Louisiana Territory to U.S. in order to weaken England
Europe:
Annexed Austrian Netherlands, parts of Italy
Set up puppet government in Switzerland

4. Napoleon Bonaparte: Foreign Policy
1805: Britain, Russia, Austria, Sweden and Prussia unite against Napoleon
Battle of Trafalgar (Oct. 1805)
British navy defeats French navy
Forces Napoleon to give up plan of invading England

5. Napoleon Bonaparte: Foreign Policy
Battle of Austerlitz (Dec. 1805)
One of his greatest victories
Napoleon defeats Russians and Austrians
Napoleon creates Confederation of the Rhine – end of the HRE

6. Napoleon Bonaparte: Foreign Policy
Battle of Jena (Oct. 1806)
Defeat of Prussia
French troops occupy Berlin
Battle of Friedland (June 1807)
Defeat of Russia
Treaty of Tilsit
Rise of nationalism in conquered lands

7. Napoleon’s Empire in 1810

8. Napoleon’s Family Rules!
Jerome Bonaparte  King of Westphalia.
Joseph Bonaparte  King of Spain
Louis Bonaparte  King of Holland
Pauline Bonaparte  Princess of Italy
Napoleon Francis Joseph Charles (son) King of Rome
Elisa Bonaparte  Grand Duchess of Tuscany
Caroline Bonaparte  Queen of Naples

9. Napoleon and His Civil Code

10. The Influence of the Napoleonic Code
Wherever it was implemented in conquered territories, the Napoleonic Code abolished serfdom, feudalism, and privileges of nobility and clergy

11. Napoleon Bonaparte: His Mistakes
#1 - Continental System
Created in 1806
Designed to destroy England economically
No European countries were allowed to trade with England
No navy to effectively enforce it

12. The Continental System

13. British Cartoon

14. Napoleon Bonaparte: His Mistakes
#2 - Peninsular War
Sent troops through Spain to make Portugal accept Continental System
Put his brother Joseph on throne of Spain
Spanish guerrillas fight back with British help
300,000 French killed
Spanish nationalism defeats Napoleon

15. The “Spanish Ulcer”

16. The Third of May, 1808 by Francisco Goya

17. Napoleon Bonaparte: His Mistakes
#3 - Invasion of Russia
Punishment for violation of Continental System
More than 500,000 troops invade
Russians retreat and use scorched-earth policy
Russians retreat and burn Moscow
Napoleon occupies city and waits for Russians to give up

18. Moscow on Fire

19. Napoleon Bonaparte: His Mistakes
#3 - Invasion of Russia
Late Oct – French retreat
The “Russian winter” sets in
Russians attack retreating French
Loss of 180,000 horses
Cold, disease, starvation, desertion, Russian attacks reduce army to 10,000! by December

20. The Retreat from Russia

21. Napoleon Bonaparte: His Mistakes

22. Napoleon Bonaparte: The End
April 1813: Napoleon loses the “Battle of Nations” at Leipzig
Early 1814: Grand Alliance (England, Russia, Prussia, Austria, Sweden) close in on Paris
April 1814: Napoleon abdicates and is exiled to the island of Elba.

23. Napoleon’s Abdication

24. Napoleon Bonaparte: The End

25. Napoleon Bonaparte: The Hundred Days
Louis XVI’s brother takes throne as Louis XVIII
Napoleon escapes Elba and returns to France on March 1, 1815
People welcome him back as emperor
European countries raise armies to attack

26. Napoleon Bonaparte: The Hundred Days
N. defeated by Prussia and Britain at the Battle of Waterloo, June 1815
Exiled to St. Helena in the South Atlantic

27. St. Helena

28. Napoleon on His Way to His Final Exile on St. Helena

29. Hitler Visits Napoleon’s Tomb
June 28, 1940

30. Napoleon’s Tomb

31. “A Great Bad Man”
“Power is my mistress.”