1. CRUSADES

2. Seljuk Turks threatened Constantinople

3. Crusades Alexius I (Constantinople) asks Pope Urban II (Rome) for help
Protect Constantinople
Liberate Jerusalem and Palestine region 3

4. Crusades
Urban II called for crusades against
Infidels
A cursed race 4

5. Called For the First Crusade
Pope Urban II
Called For the First Crusade
“From Jerusalem and the city of Constantinople comes a grievous report,… An accursed race…has violently invaded the lands of those Christians…
“Both knights and footmen, both rich and poor…strive to help expel…from our Christian lands before it is too late… Christ commands it. Remission of sins will be granted for those going thither.” 5

6. Called For the First Crusade
Pope Urban II
Called For the First Crusade
“GOD WILLS IT”

7. Hopes of Man Europeans Nobles Pope Urban
Men and women left for Holy Land - Few returned
Religious Zeal
Wealth and Land

8. Hopes of Man Europeans Nobles Pope Urban
Heal the Schism
Increase his power in Europe
Slow the European Wars between lords
Men and women left for Holy Land - Few returned
Religious Zeal
Wealth and Land

10. First Crusades
Massacred Jewish communities in Europe on way to Jerusalem 10

11. First Crusades
Massacred Jewish communities in Europe on way to Jerusalem
French knights overtook
Jerusalem in 1099 11

12. First Crusades
Massacred Jewish communities in Europe on way to Jerusalem
French knights overtook
Jerusalem in 1099
Massacred Muslim, Jewish,
and some Christians 12

13. Saladin recaptures Jerusalem 1187
“To us Jerusalem is a precious …as it is to you, because it is the place from where our Prophet made his journey by night to heaven…Do not dream that we will give it up to you”
- Saladin

14. 3rd Crusade 1189 Richard I of England (Richard the Lionheart) Saladin
Negotiated a settlement with
Saladin
to allow Christian pilgrims free
access to Jerusalem

15. 4th Crusade
Pope Innocent III initiated the 4th crusade

16. Crusaders diverted to Constantinople
4th Crusade
Crusaders diverted to Constantinople
& attacks the city in 1204 16

17. Permanently separated the Catholic Church and Greek Orthodox Church
4th Crusade
Permanently separated the
Catholic Church and Greek Orthodox Church 17

18. Port of Acre last Christian outpost conquered (north of Jerusalem) 1291
Just as Bloody as the sacking of Jerusalem – This time - the Christians died

20. Increased wealth of Genoa and Venice, Italy

21. Increased wealth of Genoa and Venice, Italy
Began Jewish persecution and genocide

22. Increased wealth of Genoa and Venice, Italy
Began Jewish persecution and genocide
Fall of Feudalism…
Increase power of Kings
“Centralized Government”

23. Increased wealth of Genoa and Venice, Italy
Began Jewish persecution and genocide
Fall of Feudalism…
Increase power of Kings
Technology:
Ships
Maps
Weapons

24. Increased wealth of Genoa and Venice, Italy
Began Jewish persecution and genocide
Fall of Feudalism…
Increase power of Kings
Technology:
Ships
Maps
Weapons
Development Of
Universities

25. Universities Develop in Europe
New interest in learning from Crusades
Need for priests
Oxford
(unknown, 1096)
Cambridge
(1209)

26. Ottoman Turks Sultan Mahmet II: Conqueror of Constantinople
Ottoman Turks eventually conquer a weakened Byzantine Empire
1451
Ottoman Turks
Sultan Mahmet II:
Conqueror of Constantinople

27. Hagia Sophia Istanbul