1. Place Clues
Chapter 39

2. Prepositions Prepositions are often used to show place.
Ad + accusative = to ______
In + accusative = into ______
In + ablative = in ________
Ex or e + ablative = out of ______

3. Accusative Case - to
When the “place” is a city, town or small island, the accusative case without a preposition indicates placed to which
Cornelius iit Romam. – Cornelius went to Rome.
Aeneas Carthaginem navigavit. - Aeneas sailed to Carthage.
Princeps venit Athenas. – The emperor came to Athens.

4. Ablative Case (from)
When the “place” is a city, town or small island, the ablative case without a preposition indicates place from which
Brundisio discessit Valerius. - Valerius departed from Brundisium.
Baiis profecti sunt Cornelii. The Cornelii set out from Baiae.

5. The Locative Case – in which
When the “place” is a city, town or small island, the locative case is used without a preposition to show place in which.

6. What is the Locative Case
The locative case is a different form depending on what declension the city, town or small island belongs to and whether it is singular or plural.

7. 1st and 2nd Declension Nouns - Singular
The locative looks like the genitive singular.
Examples:
Romae – in Rome
Brundisii – in Brundisium
Deli- on Delos (on – because it is an island)

8. Singular Nouns of the 3rd Declension
The locative is the same as the ablative.
Sidone – in Sidon
One exception to this rule is:
Carthagini – in Carthage
The locative of Carthage is in the dative.

9. All Plural Nouns Same as the ablative: Baiis – in Baiae
Athenis – in Athens
Gadibus – in Gades
Philippis – in Philippi

10. Doesn’t the Ablative Indicate “From Which”???
Why, yes it does. The best way to determine whether a plural place in the ablative means “from which” or “in which” depends on the verb in the sentence.

11. If the verb is maneo, habito, or moror (among others) – it will translate as “in which”.
Flavia Baiis habitat. Flavia lives in Baiae.
If the verb is proficiscor, discedo, redeo (among others) – it will translate as “from which”
Cornelii Baiis profecti sunt. The Cornelii set out from Baiae.

12. Oh, The Places You’ll Go! Places that need a preposition:
Africa, -ae, f. – province
Gallia, -ae, f – Gaul - province
Creta, -ae f. – Crete - big island
Thracia, -ae, f. – Thrace - country
Hispania, -ae f. – Spain – province
Italia, -ae f. – Italy – province
Bithynia, -ae f. – Bithynia (modern day Turkey) – province
Sicilia, -ae, f. – Sicily – big island
Graecia, -ae, f. – Greece – country

13. More Places to Go!!! Places that do not require prepositions:
Athenae, -arum, f. pl.– Athens – city
Baiae, -arum, f. pl.– Baiae – city
Brundisium, -i, n – city
Carthago, Carthaginis, f. – Carthage – city in Africa
Delos, Deli, f. – Delos – small island
Gades, Gadium, f. pl. – Gades – city in Spain
Philippi, -orum, m. pl. – city in Thrace
Sidon, Sidonis, f. – city in Syria
Roma, -ae f. – Rome (the city)

14. Domus, -us, f.
Domus is a common word with weird characteristics. Although it is officially a fourth declension noun, it also has some alternative second declension endings, which are used when describing place.
Locative – at home – domi (looks genitive)
Ablative – from home – domo
Accusative – to home (homeward) -domum

15. Rus, ruris, n.
This word means country. It is a third declension noun. You will use it quite a bit in this chapter.
rus – to the country (this is accusative)
ruri – in the country (this is dative/locative)
rure – from the country (ablative)