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The Perfect Latin Textbook?

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1 The Perfect Latin Textbook?
David R. Pellegrino Pittsford Mendon High School

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3 Where to Start? High Interest Readings More Stories with Females Embedded Culture Grammar Systematically Presented Grammar for Reading High Frequency Vocabulary Less is More Time

4 High Interest Readings
Rich in Culture Myths & Legends History Daily Life Architecture

5 Minerva Statua est Rōmāna. Statua est magna; nōn est parva. Statua est antīqua; nōn est nova. Est Minerva. Minerva est dea Rōmāna. Minerva hastam et galeam habet. Minerva stat; nōn sedet. Minerva quoque magnam sapientiam habet. Minerva est dea bona.

6 A Geography Lesson for Antonia
Prope Rōmam in magnā vīllā habitant Vēsōnia et fīlia Antōnia. Vēsōnia multās servās habet. Paucae servae in culīnā labōrant. Magnam cēnam parant servae. In culīnā domina et fīlia sedent. Inter servās Rūfa labōrat. Antōnia Rūfam dē Galliā rogat quod Rūfa est fēmina Galla. Itaque dum labōrat, Rūfa dē Galliā nārrat.

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8 “Gallia est magna prōvincia Rōmāna inter Britanniam et Hispāniam
“Gallia est magna prōvincia Rōmāna inter Britanniam et Hispāniam. Britannia est magna īnsula; Hispānia est paenīnsula quod est paene īnsula; est magna paenīnsula. Gallia est prope Germāniam. Gallia et Germānia nōn sunt amīcae quod Gallia et Germānia saepe pugnant. Gallia est procul ā Rōmā. Sed beāta sum quod tōta mea familia hīc in vīllā habitat. Hīc in culīnā sumus beātae quod es domina bona, Vēsōnia.” Domina Vēsōnia respondet, “Grātiās, Rūfa. Es serva bona. Estis cūnctae servae bonae.” Tum domina et fīlia ē culīnā properant quod servae sunt occupātae.

9 Fictional Family? Marcus Vesonius Primus Fuller in Pompeii A New Approach to Latin 2 The family comes to Rome (just outside). Vesonius (grandfather) Vesonia (Vesonius’ daughter, now grown up) Antonius (Vesonia’s husband, a senator) Antonia (Vesonia and Antonius’ daughter) Marcus (Vesonia and Antonius’ son)

10 Embedded Culture In hortō Vēsōnia et fīlia Antōnia sedent. Antōnia octō annōs nāta est et Vēsōnia dē familiā fīliam docēre vult. Itaque māter fīliae fābulam nārrat. “Mea familia est Pompeiāna. Ubi in caelum Vesuvius fūmum et flammās iactat, procul ā Vesuviō properāmus. Itaque nunc prope Rōmam habitāmus. Mārcus Vēsōnius Prīmus est avus tuus. Apud familiam nostram habitat avus tuus. Māter mea tamen apud familiam nostram nōn iam habitat quod est mortua.”

11 Embedded Culture (Cont.)
Antōnia frāterque Mārcus fābulam clāram amāvērunt. Mārcus rogāvit, “Quis erat alter fīlius Apollinis?” Māter Vēsōnia respondit, “Vidētisne per compluvium sōlem in caelō? Apollō sōlem trāns caelum dūcit.” Antōnia iterum rogāvit, “Quis, māter, erat alter fīlius Apollinis?” Māter respondit, “Dē alterō fīliō Apollinis fābulam nārrāre temptō. Sī vōbīs placet, fābulam exspectāte!

12 Grammar Systematically Presented
Unit I Lesson 1 Minerva Nominative and Accusative Singular; Subject; Direct Object; Predicate Noun/Adjective Lesson 2 Minerva and Diana Nominative and Accusative Plural; Verb Endings -t and -nt

13 Grammar Systematically Presented
Lesson 3 Vesta Accusative and Ablative with Prepositions Lesson 4 Niobe Genitive Lesson 5 Latona and the Farmers Position of Adjectives Review Hera

14 Grammar Systematically Presented
Unit II Lesson 1 A Geography Lesson for Antonia Personal Endings; Present Tense of sum Lesson 2 The Ant and the Grasshopper Present Tense of First Conjugation

15 Grammar Systematically Presented
Lesson 3 Roman Clothing Numbers; Present Tense of Second Conjugation Lesson 4 Cloelia Present Infinitive; Principal Parts Lesson 5 Prometheus Dative: Indirect Object; First Declension Review Pandora

16 Grammar Systematically Presented
Unit III Lesson 1 A Pompeian Family Second Declension Nouns Lesson 2 Daphne and Apollo Present Imperative Lesson 3 Circus Maximus Review of Prepositions; Present Tense of possum

17 Grammar Systematically Presented
Lesson 4 The Capitoline Hill Enclitic -ne: Yes/No Questions Lesson 5 The Roman Forum Nōnne Questions; Second Declension Neuter Nouns; Vocative Review Vulcan’s Banishment

18 Grammar Systematically Presented
Lesson 1 The Power of Cupid Num questions Lesson 2 Spartacus Imperfect Tense of First and Second Conjugations; Imperfect Tense of sum & possum Lesson 3 The Flavian Amphitheater Ablative of Means

19 Grammar Systematically Presented
Lesson 4 At the Baths Future Tense of First and Second Conjugations Lesson 5 Romulus and Remus Review of Imperfect and Future Tenses Review Cincinnatus

20 Grammar Systematically Presented
Unit V Lesson 1 Peacemaker Dative with Special Adjectives; Adverbs Lesson 2 A Sad Occurrence Future Tense of sum & possum; Agreement of Adjectives

21 Peacemaker “Mercurius, frāter Phoebī, est īnfāns. Ōlim testūdō prope parvum deum in terrā ambulat. Mercurius testūdinem celeriter necat, sed testam servat. Chordās trāns testam pōnit et mūsicam pulchram creat. “Phoebus Apollō mūsicam pulchram Mercuriī audit et ad Mercurium properat. Ubi lyram videt, statim āmovet quod lyra est Phoebō grāta. Mercurius clāmat et lacrimat. Phoebus cum Mercuriō pācificāre temptat, sed frūstrā.

22 Peacemaker (Cont.) “Tandem Mercuriō cādūceum dat et dīcit, ‘Cādūceus duās ālās habet. Cādūceus pācificāre potest ubi est pugna. Ecce duae serpentēs in terrā pugnant. Nunc cādūceus est inter duās serpentēs. Ecce duae serpentēs sunt amīcae et cādūceō haerent.’ “Cādūceus est Mercuriō grātus; lyra est Phoebō cāra. Nunc Phoebus Apollō et Mercurius sunt amīcī. Num inimīcī, līberī meī, esse dēsīderātis?”

23 Peacemaker (Cont.) Antōnia respondet, “Nunc sumus amīcī, māter, quod tū es cādūceus noster; pācificāre potes!” Māter dīcit, “Tempus est dormīre. Ad cubicula properāre dēbētis aut crās eritis dēfessī.”

24 Grammar Systematically Presented
Lesson 3 The Origin of Medusa Principal Parts of Verbs; Perfect Tense; Declension of ego & tū Lesson 4 A New Town in Greece Declension of nōs & vōs Lesson 5 Horatius at the Bridge Third Declension Nouns: Masc. & Fem. Review Midas

25 Grammar Systematically Presented
Unit VI Lesson 1 The First Doctor Third Declension Nouns: Neuter Lesson 2 Phaethon Present Tense of Third and Fourth Conjugations; Present Imperative of All Conjugations: Positive & Negative

26 Grammar Systematically Presented
Lesson 3 Apollo’s Punishment Future Tense of Third and Fourth Conjugations Present vs. Future Lesson 4 Admetus and Alcestis Imperfect Tense of All Conjugations Review Hercules and the Oracle Review of Tenses

27 Grammar Systematically Presented
Unit VII Lesson 1 Hospitality Superlative Adjectives; First and Second Declension Adjectives Lesson 2 Alpheus and Arethusa Irregular Superlative Adjectives; Perfect Stems: First and Second Conjugations

28 Grammar Systematically Presented
Lesson 3 Bellerophon Perfect Stems: Fourth Conjugation Lesson 4 Atalanta Perfect Stems: Third Conjugation Review Janus

29 Grammar for Reading Māter Vēsōnia in ātriō prope impluvium cum līberīs sedēbat; lacrimās in oculīs habēbat. Vēsōnia dīcit, “Hodiē sumus maestī quod avus tuus Vēsōnius est mortuus. Pater meus ā morte tōtam nostram familiam Pompeiānam servāvit. Nēmō tamen patrem meum servāre poterat quod erat aeger et senex.” 2nd Decl. M.(F.) -ī = __________ or __________ erat = ____________________ Verb -re = ____________________ 2nd Decl. N. -um = __________ or __________ sumus = ____________________

30 Grammar for Reading Māter Vēsōnia in ātriō prope impluvium cum līberīs sedēbat; lacrimās in oculīs habēbat. Vēsōnia dīcit, “Hodiē sumus maestī quod avus tuus Vēsōnius est mortuus. Pater meus ā morte tōtam nostram familiam Pompeiānam servāvit. Nēmō tamen patrem meum servāre poterat quod erat aeger et senex.” 2nd Decl. M.(F.) -ī = gen. s. or nom. pl. erat = ____________________ Verb -re = ____________________ 2nd Decl. N. -um = __________ or __________ sumus = ____________________

31 Grammar for Reading Māter Vēsōnia in ātriō prope impluvium cum līberīs sedēbat; lacrimās in oculīs habēbat. Vēsōnia dīcit, “Hodiē sumus maestī quod avus tuus Vēsōnius est mortuus. Pater meus ā morte tōtam nostram familiam Pompeiānam servāvit. Nēmō tamen patrem meum servāre poterat quod erat aeger et senex.” 2nd Decl. M.(F.) -ī = gen. s. or nom. pl. erat = s/he, it was Verb -re = ____________________ 2nd Decl. N. -um = __________ or __________ sumus = ____________________

32 Grammar for Reading Māter Vēsōnia in ātriō prope impluvium cum līberīs sedēbat; lacrimās in oculīs habēbat. Vēsōnia dīcit, “Hodiē sumus maestī quod avus tuus Vēsōnius est mortuus. Pater meus ā morte tōtam nostram familiam Pompeiānam servāvit. Nēmō tamen patrem meum servāre poterat quod erat aeger et senex.” 2nd Decl. M.(F.) -ī = gen. s. or nom. pl. erat = s/he, it was Verb -re = to _____ 2nd Decl. N. -um = __________ or __________ sumus = ____________________

33 Grammar for Reading Māter Vēsōnia in ātriō prope impluvium cum līberīs sedēbat; lacrimās in oculīs habēbat. Vēsōnia dīcit, “Hodiē sumus maestī quod avus tuus Vēsōnius est mortuus. Pater meus ā morte tōtam nostram familiam Pompeiānam servāvit. Nēmō tamen patrem meum servāre poterat quod erat aeger et senex.” 2nd Decl. M.(F.) -ī = gen. s. or nom. pl. erat = s/he, it was Verb -re = to _____ 2nd Decl. N. -um = nom. s. or acc. s. sumus = ____________________

34 Grammar for Reading Māter Vēsōnia in ātriō prope impluvium cum līberīs sedēbat; lacrimās in oculīs habēbat. Vēsōnia dīcit, “Hodiē sumus maestī quod avus tuus Vēsōnius est mortuus. Pater meus ā morte tōtam nostram familiam Pompeiānam servāvit. Nēmō tamen patrem meum servāre poterat quod erat aeger et senex.” 2nd Decl. M.(F.) -ī = gen. s. or nom. pl. erat = s/he, it was Verb -re = to _____ 2nd Decl. N. -um = nom. s. or acc. s. sumus = we are

35 You Killed the Grandfather!?
Antōnia lacrimābat et nihil dīcere poterat. Mārcus tamen dē mortuīs rogat. Itaque Vēsōnia dē rēgnō mortuōrum docet, “Rēgnum Orcī sub terrā est obscūrum. Plūtō est rēx Orcī obscūrī. Deus Mercurius, nūntius deōrum, cūnctās umbrās mortuōrum ad Orcum dūcit. Canis Cerberus in Orcō semper vigilat. Itaque nūllī mortuī ex Orcō fugere poterunt. Etiam in Orcō est fluvius Styx, obscūrus et frīgidus.

36 You Killed the Grandfather!?
“Cūnctae umbrae ad alteram rīpam nāvigāre volunt quod ibi cūrās numquam habēbunt. Charōn umbrās nāviculā trāns fluvium frīgidum portat. Mortuīs pecūniam damus quod Charōn sine pecūniā umbrās mortuōrum trāns fluvium nōn portābit.” Antōnia adhūc lacrimābat, sed tandem rogat, “Nōnne avō nostrō pecūniam dabimus?”

37 High Frequency Vocabulary
Less is More 665 Total Vocabulary Words Including names and cultural terms Approximately 500 Required Words Including cultural terms

38 Vocabulary Comparison
Dickinson Order Word Perf. Text Order (Freq.) 1 et 2 (284) 2 sum 1 (360) 3 quī — 4 -que 32 (25) 5 in 3 (155) 6 nōn 4 (108) 7 hic — 8 ille — 9 tū 18 (42) 10 cum 35 (22)

39 Vocabulary Comparison (Cont.)
Dickinson Order Word Perf. Text Order (Freq.) 11 ego 23 (35) 12 quisquam — 13 is — 14 ad 7 (84) 15 ut 51 (6) 16 sī 42 (15) 17 —, suī — 18 omnis — 19 nec — 20 sed 20 (39)

40 Vocabulary Comparison (Cont.)
Dickinson Order Word Perf. Text Order (Freq.) 21 ā, ab 34 (23) 22 ipse — 23 possum 16 (45) 24 aut 55 (2) 25 magnus 24 (33) 26 ē, ex 39 (18) 27 suus — 28 dō 21 (38) 29 quam 52 (5) 30 per 41 (16)

41 Vocabulary Comparison (Cont.)
Dickinson Order Word Perf. Text Order (Freq.) 31 videō 18 (41) 32 faciō 45 (12) 33 dīcō 12 (56) 34 iam 16 (45) 35 atque — 36 ac — 37 alius 49 (8) 38 rēs — 39 habeō 9 (72) 40 animus —

42 Vocabulary Comparison (Cont.)
Dickinson Order Word Perf. Text Order (Freq.) 41 meus 29 (28) 42 deus/dea 5 (95) 43 multus 10 (61) 44 tuus 40 (17) 45 ferō — 46 dē 17 (42) 47 nē — 48 manus — 49 nūllus — 50 nunc 34 (23)

43 Vocabulary Comparison (Cont.)
Dickinson Order Word Perf. Text Order (Freq.) 51 nōs 52 (5) 52 noster 49 (8) 53 ūnus 42 (15) 54 diēs — 55 nihil 55 (2)  56 tum 45 (12) 57 enim — 58 tamen 27 (30) 59 īdem — 60 rēx 16 (45)

44 Vocabulary Comparison (Cont.)
Dickinson Order Word Perf. Text Order (Freq.) 61 nam 49 (8) 62 locus 54 (3) 63 veniō 53 (4) 64 inter 46 (11) 65 pars 54 (3) 66 volō velle 17 (42) 67 etiam 51 (6) 68 bonus 33 (24) 69 agō 45 (12) 70 terra 25 (32)

45 Vocabulary Comparison (Cont.)
Dickinson Order Word Perf. Text Order (Freq.) 71 pater 19 (40) 72 neque 49 (8) 73 domus — 74 at — 75 corpus 55 (2)  76 quoque 42 (15) 77 aliquis — 78 tōtus 51 (6) 79 sīc — 80 hīc 49 (8)

46 Vocabulary Comparison (Cont.)
Dickinson Order Word Perf. Text Order (Freq.) 81 iste — 82 urbs 50 (7) 83 petō 46 (11) 84 iubeō 53 (4) 85 vir 21 (38) 86 bellum 52 (5) 87 vīta 44 (13) 88 homō 55 (2)  89 tempus 54 (3)  90 magis —

47 Vocabulary Comparison (Cont.)
Dickinson Order Word Perf. Text Order (Freq.) 91 prīmus 46 (11) 92 ubi 18 (41) 93 hostis —  94 an — 95 mors 54 (3) 96 tam 45 (12) 97 eō, īre — 98 arma —  99 superus — 100 nisi, nī —

48 Vocabulary Comparison (Cont.)
Dickinson Order Word Perf. Text Order (Freq.) 101 vincō 43 (14) 102 pōnō 54 (3) 103 dum 40 (17) 104 sine 46 (11) 105 tantus — 106 teneō 55 (2)  107 causa 51 (6) 108 sequor — 109 crēdō — 110 accipiō —

49 Vocabulary Comparison (Cont.)
Dickinson Order Word Perf. Text Order (Freq.) 111 virtūs — 112 ante 49 (8) 113 quaerō — 114 mittō 52 (5) 115 vīs — 116 amor 52 (5) 117 caelum 51 (6) 118 sub 55 (2)  119 nox 55 (2)  120 ita 36 (21)

50 Vocabulary Comparison (Cont.)
Dickinson Order Word Perf. Text Order (Freq.) 121 rēgnum 47 (10) 122 populus 55 (2) 123 autem 51 (6) 124 caput 55 (2) 125 mare — 126 quīdam — 127 māter 19 (40) 128 prō 52 (5) 129 quisquis — 130 vōs 48 (9)

51 Vocabulary Comparison (Cont.)
Dickinson Order Word Perf. Text Order (Freq.) 131 capiō 51 (6) 132 quia — 133 dūcō 39 (18) 134 ergō — 135 nōmen 44 (13) 136 quidem — 137 miser 42 (15) 138 fortūna — 139 novus 37 (20) 140 gravis —

52 Vocabulary Comparison (Cont.)
Dickinson Order Word Perf. Text Order (Freq.) 141 vel — 142 longus 52 (5) 143 parvus 48 (9) 144 relinquō — 145 saepe 47 (10) 146 fīō — 147 ōs — 148 alter 48 (9) 149 semper 43 (14) 150 deinde 43 (14)

53 Vocabulary Comparison (Cont.)
Dickinson Order Word Perf. Text Order (Freq.) 151 ignis — 152 modo — 153 timeō 50 (7) 154 scelus — 155 dēbeō 51 (6) 156 vīvō 55 (2) 157 fātum — 158 vocō 52 (5) 159 altus 53 (4) 160 parō 52 (5)

54 Vocabulary Comparison (Cont.)
Dickinson Order Word Perf. Text Order (Freq.) 161 mīles 48 (9) 162 medius 56 (1) 163 inquam — 164 post 28 (29) 165 audiō 45 (12) 166 putō — 167 annus 33 (24) 168 stō 53 (4) 169 vōx 49 (8) 170 genus —

55 Vocabulary Comparison (Cont.)
Dickinson Order Word Perf. Text Order (Freq.) 171 referō — 172 sciō — 173 mēns — 174 reddō — 175 licet — 176 sōlus 51 (6) 177 fugiō 48 (9) 178 ūllus — 179 nēmō 50 (8) 180 nātūra —

56 What’s Left? Increase the frequency of certain vocabulary More derivative exercises More exercises that improve reading Receive feedback from other users and incorporate it (when feasible) Add ancillary readings in the early chapters to help younger Latin students Etc.

57 Vultisne hunc librum temptāre?
Promise me that you will use this with the best of intentions.


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