1. Cell Cycle & Cancer, DNA Structure & Replication
Day 3
Cell Cycle & Cancer, DNA Structure & Replication

2. Day 3: (WEDNESDAY/ THURSDAY):
CONCEPTS: Cell Cycle & Cancer, DNA Structure & Replication
Quiz over Day 2
Review Cell Cycle & Mitosis (manipulative pictures), Cancer
Review Packet # 35-39
DNA Structure
Packet #40-44
DNA Replication Practice
Packet #45-47
MOC STAAR QUESTIONS: 20, 52, 16, 24, 33, 41

3. Cell Cycle and Cancer Draw a circle on your desk like this:
* Fill in as much as you know about the cell cycle.

4. CELL CYCLE

5. What are the 3 steps of Interphase?

6. 3 parts of INTERPHASE G1 S G2

7. Where in the Cell cycle does DNA replicate?

8. DNA replication takes place in the “S” (Synthesis) Phase

9. What is Mitosis?

10. Mitosis is the division of the NUCLEUS.

11. What are the phases of Mitosis?

12. Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
**Remember PMAT 

13. PROPHASE

14. Prophase: 1st Phase of mitosis
1. DNA coils & becomes chromosomes
2. Spindle forms and attachs to centrioles
Centrioles move to opposite ends of cell
Nuclear membrane breaks down
Preparation

15. Move to the Middle Metaphase
Centromere of each chromosome pair attachs to a spindle fiber
Spindle fibers move chromosomes so they line up across middle of the cell
This is a title slide for this presentation
Move to the Middle

16. Apart and Away Anaphase
1. Spindle fibers shorten pulling individual chromatids apart and away from each other to opposite ends of the cell where the centrioles are.
This is a title slide for this presentation
Apart and Away

17. Two new nuclei Telophase 1. Chromosomes begin to uncoil
2. Nuclear membrane reforms around each new set of chromosomes
Two new nuclei
This is a title slide for this presentation

18. Cell Division: Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis “division of the cytoplasm”. It is the physical separation of the cytoplasm into two new daughter cells.
It is the end of cell division.

19. Cytokinesis In animal cells, the cell membrane pinches in two.
In plant cells, a cell plate (A) forms across the middle which becomes the new membrane and where the cell wall forms.
This is a title slide for this presentation

20. What Phase Of the Cell Cycle Is It?B C
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis D E F
Interphase
Metaphase
Prophase

21. CANCER is the caused by uncontrolled cellular division.
Typically, most cells don’t divide unless it is for repair or maintenance.
A protein called cyclin controls the rate of cell division. If this protein is missing or “broken” then the cell becomes cancerous.

22. Cancerous cells keep dividing; crowding out and stealing nutrients from healthy tissue.
Cancer “kills” when a mass of cancer cells called a tumor interferes with the functions of major organs.

23. GET OUT YOUR GREEN PACKET…
Complete # 35-39

24. GET OUT YOUR GREEN PACKET…
35A- G1
35B- S (Synthesis)
35C- G2
35D- Prophase
35E- Metaphase
35F- Anaphase
35G- Telophase

25. GET OUT YOUR GREEN PACKET…
36. G1, S, G2
37. “S” phase (synthesis”
38. Cells are damaged and need to be repaired or they are dying or already dead.
39. Cancer

26. DNA Chargaffs Rule: Adenine always pairs with Thymine and
Guanine always pairs with Cytosine

27. Double Helix
These nucleotides are arranged in the shape of a double helix (a two-sided, twisted ladder.)
Notice Chargaff’s Base Pairing Rule:
A-T and C-G
How many nucleotides do you see?
Who was responsible for the first double helix model?

28. DNA NAME Deoxyribonucleic Acid TYPE OF SUGAR Deoxyribose
NITROGEN BASES
Adenine Thymine
Cytosine Guanine
SHAPE
Double Helix

29. Where Does Replication Occur?
…in the nucleus
ALL DNA activities take place there.

30. Step 1 of DNA Replication (DOUBLE HELIX)
Partner Share - What happened between diagram 1 and diagram 2?
Diagram 1
Answer:
The weak hydrogen bonds are broken by the enzyme
DNA unwinds and unzips
Diagram 2
Enzyme

31. Step 2 of DNA Replication (UNWIND)
Partner Share - What is happening now?
Answer:
Free floating nucleotides in the nucleus attach to the exposed
New bonds form
Replication Fork

32. (SEPERATE) Partner Share - What is the end product of DNA Replication?
What does “Old” and “New” refer to in the diagram?

33. REPLICATE Answer- 2 identical copies of DNA are made
“Old” is part of the original DNA strand
“New” is the new strand made during the process

34. What is the complementary DNA stand for the DNA strand below?
A T G C C T A T C T A G G C G T A T A

35. What is the complementary DNA stand for the DNA strand below?
A T G C C T A T C T A G G C G T A T A
T A C G G A T A G A T C C G C A T A T

36. Nitrogen Bases are held together by…

37. Hydrogen Bonds

38. GET OUT YOUR GREEN PACKET…
Complete # 40-47

39. GET OUT YOUR GREEN PACKET…
40. Cytosine, Thymine
41. TACGGTCCA
42. Hydrogen Bonds
43. Sugar, phosphates
44. DNA, Nucleic Acids, Double Helix
45. Double Helix, Unwind, Separate, Replicate
46. 2 identical strands of DNA
47. S phase (in interphase)

40. MOC STAAR QUESTIONS
* 20, 52, 16, 24, 33, 41