1. Nonverbal Communication
Dr. Holly Kruse
Interpersonal Communication

2. NVC Basics
Nonverbal messages: primary way we communicate our feelings and attitudes
Nonverbal messages: usually more believable than verbal messages
Nonverbal messages: work with verbal messages to create meaning

3. NVC Basics
People respond and adapt to others through nonverbal messages
Nonverbal messages play a major role in interpersonal relationships
Many nonverbal signs are arbitrary, just like words (example)

4. Challenges of NVC Nonverbal messages are often ambiguous
Nonverbal messages are continuous
Nonverbal cues are multichanneled
Nonverbal interpretation is culture-based

5. Codes Codes are organized message systems
Codes consist of signs and the rules for their use

6. NVC Codes
Kinesics
Body movements
Posture

7. NVC Codes Kinesics Gestures Illustrators Affect displays Regulators
Emblems
Illustrators
Affect displays
Regulators
Adaptors

8. NVC Codes Eye gaze Displays thought/(Dis)liking
Monitor behavior of others
Regulatory cues
Expressive function

9. NVC Codes Facial expressions
The more characteristics you have in common with other, greater chance of accurately interpreting their facial expression

10. NVC Codes Facial expressions
More than 250,000 different facial expressions
How do we show surprise? Fear? Anger? Happiness? Sadness?
Facial expressions tend to be contagious

11. NVC Codes Vocal Cues Our vocal cues communicate emotions
Vocal cues help us manage conversations
Our use of silence speaks volumes

12. NVC Codes
Uptalk and Vocal Fry

13. NVC Codes Proxemics, which is the study of personal space (and beyond)
Anthropologist Edward T. Hall
Also includes sense of territory, more broadly

14. NVC Codes

15. NVC Codes
Space Violation

16. NVC Codes

17. NVC Codes

18. NVC Codes

19. NVC Codes Touch/Haptics:
Particularly powerful, both positively and negatively
We have haptic boundaries
Do men and women experience touch differently?

20. NVC Codes Touch/Haptics – Women:
Have less positive attitudes about being touched by members of the opposite sex
Are touched more than men
Are more likely to reach out and touch their spouses

21. NVC Codes Touch/Haptics – Men: Are more likely to initiate touch
Are more likely to initiate touch with a woman before they are married than after they are married

22. NVC Codes
Appearance
Body size/shape
Style of hair
Clothes we wear

23. NVC Codes

24. NVC Codes

25. NVC Codes
Smell/Olfactics
Very emotionally evocative

26. NVC Codes

27. NVC Codes

28. NVC Codes Time How we organize interactions & activities in time
Meanings we attribute to how others use time
Gender differences or stereotypes?
Cultural differences

29. Online NVC Code Equivalents
Emoticons 
Punctuation!!!
Underlining and italics
CAPITALIZATION
Message length
Response time
Media choice

30. Gender and NVC Women: Receive more eye contact from others
Approach and are approached more closely
Smile more
Use their voices to communicate a greater range of emotions

31. Gender and NVC Men: More likely to stare at someone
Tend to require more space around them
Use more expansive gestures
More likely to initiate touch with others

32. Functions of NVC Help determine verbal meaning Provide information
Express emotion
Regulate interaction
Exercise social control
Impression formation & management