1. Data challenges in Earthquake Seismology
Torild van Eck (ORFEUS, FDSN, NERIES)
ORFEUS NGO (since 1987)
Observatories and Research Facilities for European Seismology
FDSN NGO
International Federation of Digital Seismograph Networks
NERIES EC-Research Infrastructure (I3) Project FP6
Network of European Research Infrastructures for Earthquake Seismology
EPOS European Plate Observing System
European Strategy Forum Research Infrastructures (ESFRI) roadmap
Long-term (top-down) RI strategy and business plan. 1 1

2. European and global coordination in earthquake seismology
IUGG / IASPEI (Global)
International Association of Seismology and Physics of the Earth
ESC (EuroMed)
European Seismological Commission
FDSN (global) International
Federation of Digital Seismograph Networks
(EuroMed)
Observatories and Research
Facilities for European Seismology
European Mediterranean
Seismological Center
Board of Directors
Executive Committee
Participants
Assembly of all members
Coordination bureau
Executive Council
GEO - Group on
Earth Observations

3. Some data challenges in Earthquake Seismology
Earthquake Monitoring since around 1895
International data exchange and standards established early on.
Seismological data analysis since around 1950
Signal processing, tomography, ambient noise imaging, …
Advanced computer analysis early on.
Data challenges on the observational side:
Gathering – monitoring, transfer, storage,
Analysis – real-time, information processing,
Quality – metadata, Quality Control, formatting standards,
Access – archival and distribution,
Data challenges on the modelling side:
Wave propagation through complex media
Rupture process modelling in inhomogeneous media

4. More recent data challenges in Earthquake Seismology
Matching modelling and observation
Waveform inversion
(large amounts of data and computational resources)
Rapid (near-real-time) data analysis
Rapid earthquake warning (seconds)
Tsunami warning (seconds to hours)
Rapid earthquake information (seconds to hours)
Broad data access and availability (educational and scientific)
Data provenance, quality,
Integrated visualisation and computing facilities
Data management, exchange,
Distributed resources
Combining data archives, computational resources,
shared analysis tools

6. Monitoring infrastructure: seismological networks
Data ownership:
National monitoring interests (hazard, warning, etc)
Regional
Coordination:
Parameter data
EMSC
Waveform data
ORFEUS
Current
projects:
NERIES (EU)
GEOFON (GR)
GEOSCOPE (FR)
MEDNET (I)
~4’000 stations
>180 networks

7. Accelerometer networks and data
Total:
3, stations
1,402 free field
1,905 on struct
233 on dam
20 boreholes 7 7

8. Virtual European Broadband Seismic Network (VEBSN)
(near)Real-time
Data exchange
Contributors:
>53 networks
Data archival:
at ODC
Coordination + EC funding:
MEREDIAN (EU)
NERIES (EU)
NERA proposal (EU)
ORFEUS (NGO)
Progress:
~ 50 stations/yr
Status January ~ 450 BB stations

9. OBS deployments and data integration
IPGP
INGV
AWI
30 June 2008
NERIES second Annual meeting 9 9 9

10. Global earth models and (waveform) Tomography
Waveform forward modelling and observation analysis
Courtesy, SPICE project (EC)
Seismic wave Propagation and Imaging in Complex media: a European network

11. Tools: European Reference model
Shear-wave speed variation 11 11

12. Earthquake rupture modelling
Strong motion modelling
Courtesy: .US Geological Survey and the Southern California Earthquake Center

13. Seismic imaging using seismic noise
Example for the Alpine region in Europe
Group velocity
Map Rayleigh
Waves (5 sec)
Moho depth in the Alpine region
3500 paths with
reliable group
Velocity.
Number of paths
crossing each ‘cell’
Stehly et al, 2008

14. Tools: Real Time Hazard and Rapid warning
NERIES JRA2
SHARE/GEM
SAFER WP2/5
NERIES JRA3
Earthquake
Long-term
Hazard mapping
Long-Term
Forecasting
Short-Term
Forecasting
Early
Warning
ShakeMaps &
Rapid Loss Assessment
Aftershock
Hazard
decades
years
days
seconds
days
years 14 14 14 14

15. Loss estimation software: ELER
Tools:
Shake & Loss-maps
Loss estimation software: ELER 15 15 15 15

16. Global hierarchical Net.DC

17. European Integrated Waveform Data Archive (EIDA)
GEVN (Global)
IOTWS/NEAMTWS
Temp. Nets
VEBSN
EIDAC Architecture
ODC
Sync
GFZ
Multi-national
Data Archives & Portals
Wilber, BreQFast, Web services
Portlets/portal, etc.
FDSN/IRIS
User
SeedLink/ArcLink Network
....
INGV
IPGP
National Data
Archives & Portals
Real-Time Data
Offline Data
Temp. Net Data
ArcLink Requests
Italian Networks
French Networks
GEOFON/GFZ

18. Integrated Earthquake data access: Portal and web services
“Waveform Explorer”
Remote Portlet
Multi Modal waveform requests,
Event or Time Modes
Composition of datasets by the aggregation of distributed data sources within interactive mashups
JMS (Java message service)
Carts
Local
store
“Event Explorer”
Jetspeed Portlet
Seismic Events Selection
User Events
Cart Ws
Users` Waveform
Requests scheduling (JMS)

19. Some perspective in data and computations
High quality (Broadband data) low estimate ~ 100 TB/year
Mobile experiments low estimate ~ 100 TB/year
Acceleration (engineering) data ~ 500 TB/year
Other observations (SP, experimental, etc) ~ 200 TB/year
Computations:
Seismological Waveform modelling on
computer clusters: Beowulf (CalTech) for example
Supercomputers: EarthSimulator (JAMSTEC, Japan) for example
Earth Simulator 2 JAMSTEC
CITerra, CALTECH

20. On-going initiatives in Europe: Data
Research Infrastructure for earthquake seismology
EC Infrastructure projects
2000 – 2006 MEREDIAN, virtual European seismic network
2006 – 2010 NERIES, distributed archives and webservices
2011 – 2015 NERA, integrated seismology and engineering
Emphasis: Earthquake seismology data for seismologists.
European Plate Observing System (EPOS)
ESFRI 2008 plan
Research Infrastructure and E-Science for Data and Observatories
on Earthquakes, Volcanoes, Surface Dynamics and Tectonics.
NERIES conceptual phase
Current emphasis: Earthquake seismology data for earthscientists.
Establishing collaboration between IT and earthsciences

21. On-going initiatives in Europe: Analysis
Computational seismology
Marie Curie, training networks, ERC projects
– 2009 SPICE, software coordination
2009 – 2012 QUEST, training new seismologists
2009 – 2013 WHISPER, ambient noise imaging
Emphasis: Forward modelling and inversion.
European Plate Observing System (EPOS)
ESFRI 2008 plan
Research Infrastructure and E-Science for Data and Observatories
on Earthquakes, Volcanoes, Surface Dynamics and Tectonics.
Current emphasis: Integrated modelling and analysis.
Establishing collaboration between IT and earthsciences

22. Facilitate data integration and access
Lab-seismology--geodesy--geology 22

23. Competitiveness towards EC level funding
Users, science, education, public
Ocean observation infrastructures, EMSO, ESONET, ....
Satellite observation infrastructure GMES, GEOSS, ...
European Plate Observing System
Interface
User
Permanent
Networks
Temporary
deployments
In-situ
Observatories
Volcano
Experimental
Laboratories
Data mining
archiving
Analytical
Computational
Facilities
(HPC, GRID)
EPOS infrastructure concept 23 23

24. The European E-science strategy in earthquake Seismology
Towards realising
The European E-science strategy in earthquake Seismology
Data challenges in seismology
has become a challenge to integrate efficiently
new IT developments into earthquake seismology research