1. The World of Islam
Chapter 26 Part 1

2. Identify
Muhammad
Khadija
Kaaba
Quran/Koran
“People of The Book”

3. The Prophet Muhammad
Identify Slide

4. Muhammad Islamic prophet
Received the message to proclaim the word of Allah from the Arch-Angel Gabriel.
“Proclaim – in the name of your God, the Creator, who created man from a clot of congealed blood. Proclaim! Your God is most generous, He who has taught man by the pen things he knew not.”

5. Khadija (kah Dee jah) Muhammad’s wife.
She was a wealthy widow whom Muhammad worked for.
When he was 25 they married
Responsible for encouraging Muhammad to seek Allah and spreading Allah’s word.
Identify Slide

6. Kaaba
Black stone in Mecca that Muslims are required to visit during their lifetime.
Identify Slide

7. Quran/Koran The Holy book of the Muslims.
Muslims believe that it contains the exact word of God as revealed by Muhammad.
Identify Slide

8. “People of The Book” Christians and Jews
Muhammad accepted the original teachings of the Jewish and Christian scriptures as God’s word.
Identify Slide

9. Define
Hejira
The Five Pillars of Islam
Hajj
Ramadan
Caliph

10. Hejira (hih ji ruh)
The journey of Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina.
Define Slide

11. The Five Pillars of Islam
A series of beliefs about what it means to be a
good Muslim.
Proclamation
Prayer
Charity
Fasting
Hajj
Unofficial Pillar VI
Jihad
Define Slide

12. Hajj Pilgrimage to Mecca
All Muslims who are able are required to make the journey at least once in their lifetime.
It is the fifth Pillar of the Five Pillars of Islam.
Define Slide

13. Ramadan
It is the month that Gabriel spoke to Muhammad as well as the month of the hejira.
The ninth month in the Muslim calendar.
During this month, Muslims are not allowed to eat or drink from sunrise to sunset.
Define Slide

14. Caliph The caliph is the successor to the prophet Muhammad.
Define Slide

15. Five Pillars of Islam Proclamation Prayer Charity Fasting Hajj
Unofficial Pillar VI
Jihad

16. Pillar I: Proclamation
Muslims must proclaim their belief in one God.
They accept that God revealed his message to Muhammad.
Muslims actually honor many prophets, including Abraham, Moses, and even Jesus.

17. Pillar II: Prayer
Muslims must face the holy city of Mecca and pray five times a day.

18. Pillar III: Charity
Charity to the poor and the aged

19. Pillar IV: Fasting
During the holy month of Ramadan, Muslims must not eat or drink from dawn to sunset.

20. Pillar V: Hajj Pilgrimage to Mecca.
All Muslims who are able are required to make the journey at least once in their lives.

21. Unofficial Pillar VI: Jihad
Jihad or struggle in God’s service.
A person’s inner struggle to achieve spiritual peace
Any battle in defense of Islam (Holy War).

22. Reasons For Islam’s Rapid Spread
Arab armies were united by their beliefs.
Islam taught that Muslim warriors who died in the service of Islam would win a place in Paradise. Jihad
The lure of riches to be won in conquered lands was another powerful incentive.

23. Why Did It Spread So Rapidly? cont…
Islam promotes human equality, and in civilizations where equality was not found, Islam was eagerly accepted.
Muslims were tolerant conquerors and allowed conquered peoples to continue to worship their own God or gods, or convert to Islam.
Those who did not convert had to pay a special “non believer tax.” Many people actually converted to avoid being taxed.

24. Divisions in Islam
The two divisions break into Sunni Muslims (the majority of Muslims) and Shiite Muslims.
The Shiites
Believed that only descendants of Ali, Muhammad’s son-in-law, could become caliphs.
The Sunni Muslims
Believed that any devout Muslim could become a caliph.

25. Muhammad’s Teachings
Muhammad taught that “the ink of the scholar is holier than the blood of the martyr.”
What do you think he meant?
How do you think his teaching contributed to Islamic civilization?

26. Drawing Inferences What do you think he meant?
He placed great value on the expression of ideas.
How do you think his teaching contributed to Islamic civilization?
Scholarship and learning became important features of Islamic civilization, leading to advancements in medicine, mathematics, astrology, music, and philosophy.

27. Similarities
Let us draw some similarities between the religions Judaism, Islam, and Christianity.