1. After making a review of the previous lesson, introduce the topic for Lesson 2. There are two ways to manage the effects of climate change: adaptation and mitigation.

2. Adaptation Mitigation
REVIEW
Adaptation Mitigation VS
ang adaptasyon (o pakikibagay) ang kakayahan ng isang sistema na pakibagayan ang pabagu-bagong panahon upang mapangasiwaan ang maaaring maidulot na pinsala, at kayanin ang anumang kahihinatnan ng pabagu-bagong klima.
Review the definition of Climate Change adaptation as discussed in Lesson 1.

3. Adaptation Mitigation
REVIEW
Adaptation Mitigation VS
ang mitigasyon naman ang anumang aksyon upang tuluyang iwasan o bawasan ang pangmatagalang panganib ng pabagu-bagong klima sa buhay ng tao at mga bagay sa mundo.
Review the definition of Climate Change mitigation as discussed in Lesson 1. You may give examples such as planting trees as one of the known ways to store carbon dioxide in the air.

4. MGA NAGBUBUGA NG METHANE
Malimit na paggamit ng pestisidyo
Tuluy-tuloy na pagpapatubig
Pagbubulok na may tubig
Pagsusunog
Basically, these are farming practices that emit greenhouse gases that lead to climate change.
Chemical pesticides have components that are not environment-friendly.
Basically, a flooded field contributes to methane emission. Flooding a rice field cuts off the oxygen supply from the atmosphere to the soil which causes anaerobic (without oxygen) fermentation of organic matter in the soil. Methane is produced from anaerobic fermentation. Fields that remain flooded for the entire growing season have more potential for methane emission than fields drained or permitted to dry at least once during season.
Applying organic inputs such as rice straw, animal manure, and green manure generally increases methane emissions especially when these inputs are allowed to decompose in a flooded field.
Burning to clear agricultural lands emits carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, to the atmosphere.

5. Ang Kwento Ni Mang Kanor
Relate the story of Mang Kanor, a rice farmer.

6. Si Mang Kanor ay isang magsasaka. Mayroon siyang 3 ektarya ng palayan.
Siya ay may kaibigan, si Mang Noel. Mayroon ding 3 ektaryang lupa si Mang Noel.

7. Mayroon din siyang gulayan, isdaan, at hayupan.
Ngunit hindi lang palay ang nakatanim sa 3 ektarya ng lupa ni Mang Noel.
Mayroon din siyang gulayan, isdaan, at hayupan.

8. Isang araw, ibinalita sa TV na may parating na signal no
Isang araw, ibinalita sa TV na may parating na signal no. 2 na bagyo sa susunod na dalawang araw.
Nag-aalala si Mang Kanor at si Mang Noel. Pareho nilang hindi kabisadong pakibagayan ang bigla-biglang pagbagu-bagong panahon. Ilang araw na lang, mamumulaklak na ang palay nila. Pero naani na ni Mang Noel ang iba sa kanyang mga gulay.

9. Pagkalipas ng bagyo….

10. Nalungkot si Mang Kanor nang nakita niya ang mga nakadapa niyang palay.
Ganon din si Mang Noel. Buti nalang may naisalba pa siya sa kanyang mga kalabasa.

11. Iniisip ni Mang Kanor kung saan siya kukuha ng pangkain at iba pang pangangailangan.
Samantalang si Mang Noel ay kumukuha ng pangkain sa mga naisalba nyang gulay at hayop. Mayroon pa siyang kaunting naibebenta sa kanyang mga kapitbahay.

12. Ano ang natutunan ninyo sa karanasan ni Mang Kanor?
Pose the questions to the students. Call up volunteers to answer the question and gather their answers for processing.

13. Pakikibagay at Mitigasyon
Integrated Rice-Based Farming System
Rice Integrated Crop Management System
Integrated or pinagsama- samang pamamaraan
Sistemang
Palayamanan
Then ask the students about the one factor that puts Mang Noel at an edge over Mang Kanor. Then answer is integrated or diversified.
In rice production, there are two integrated rice farming systems to adapt to and mitigate climate change. Adoption of rice integrated crop management system or Sistemang PalayCheck can offset major impacts of climate change by increasing farmers’ productivity and profitability. More rice means less hunger and increased income for farmers’ household.
The Palayamanan System, an integrated/diversified rice-based farming system, highlights the purposive integration of various farm components such as rice and other crops. This will be the focus of Lesson 2a.
Sistemang
PalayCheck

14. Palayamanan
Isang pamamaraan kung saan pinagsama-sama ang produksiyon ng palay, gulay, prutas, hayop, at organikong pataba
Tuloy-tuloy na pagkakaroon ng pagkain
Mas magandang kita at kabuhayan
Mas produktibong bukid
Kasiguraduhan sa produksyon
Mas malawak na gamit ng lupa
Palayamanan helps farming families in diversifying their crops, and in starting other sources of income such as fishpond, poultry, and livestock. These assure the family of a good source of protein and energy. Livestock wastes are used as organic fertilizer, and rice straws as vegetable mulch, and food supplement for livestock. With a diversified farming system, the household is assured of a continuous food supply. Farm productivity is increased and sustainable because the use of land is maximized. For example, a 3-ha farm can be planted with rice and other crops. The dikes of rice fields can be planted with vegetables. This way, a parcel of land can be highly productive, providing a household higher income and economic stability. More importantly, production risk is reduced. Farmers affected by Typhoon Yolanda were able to recover fast because their farms were diversified. They had vegetables to sell and to keep.

15. Mga Bahagi ng PALAYAMANAN
Crop Production
Livestock Production
Mga Bahagi ng PALAYAMANAN
Fruit Trees
Aquaculture
Palayamanan integrates various farm components such as rice and other crops, livestock, aquaculture, biomass waste recycling, and other income-generating means.

16. Floating garden Mainam sa mga bahaing lugar
Maaaring magtanim ng palay at gulay
- Kailangan lamang ng mga lokal na materyales tulad ng kawayan sa paggawa nito
In water-logged or flooded areas, plant crops in a floating garden. This will only require cheap and locally vaialable materials so the financial input need not be huge. This is one way to adapt to the effects of climate change.

17. Ecological Rice Farming
Makakalikasan na pamamaraan ng pagpapalay na naglalayong mabawasan ang paggamit ng mga kemikal o inorganikong pataba at pestisidyo
Ecological rice farming aims to reduce the use of chemicals that emits harmful greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Thus, this is a climate change mitigation strategy. The next slide will discuss further ecological rice farming.

18. Ecological Rice Farming
Vermicomposting—paraan ng paggawa ng organikong pataba sa pamamagitan ng pag-aalaga ng malalaking bulate o African Night Crawlers na siyang tumutulong para pabulukin ang mga nabubulok na basura gaya ng mga balat ng prutas, dahon, dayami, damo, etc.
Ang pinagsamang lupa at mga nabulok na basura ay nagreresulta sa isang mainam na pataba
Ang pagkalat o paghalo ng dayami sa palayan ay nagbubuga ng methane
Vermicomposting or vermiculture is an ecological way of improving soil fertility of the rice field. It is a farming technology that uses earthworms to speed up composting.
There are many ways to organically fertilize the soil. The usual practice is to scatter rice straw on the field and allow it to ferment and decompose. However, this practice encourages methane emission especially when the field is flooded. It is therefore advised that rice straw and other degradable materials from the field should be composted first.

19. ‘Di kailangang i-memorize lahat
Climate change has recently been one of the most talked about topics worldwide. Several institutions continue to study the phenomenon. It is difficult to know everything about climate change especially that information about this is dynamic. To help you and others about information on climate change and rice production, log in to or text the PhilRice Text Center.