1. Friction

2. What do you Remember about Friction?

3. What do you Remember about Friction?
Friction opposes motion
Friction is dependent on the texture of the surfaces
Friction is dependent on normal force
motion
friction

4. What do you Remember about Friction?
Friction opposes motion
Friction is dependent on the texture of the surfaces
Friction is dependent on normal force
Ffr = m Fn
μ is called coefficient of friction
 m has no units
depends on characteristics of both surfaces
Higher m = rougher surface / more friction
motion
friction
Note: Friction does NOT depend on the surface area of contact

5. μs = coefficient of static friction (object at rest)
The coefficient of friction is different for when an object is at rest and when it is moving.
μs = coefficient of static friction (object at rest)
μk = coefficient of kinetic friction (object moving)
Static friction is greater than kinetic friction - its harder to start an object moving than it is to keep it moving.
surface-on-surface μs μk
hook velcro-on-fuzzy velcro
>6.0
>5.9
avg tire-on-dry pavement
0.9
0.8
grooved tire-on-wet pavement
0.7
smooth tire-on-wet pavement
0.5
0.4
metal-on-metal (lubricated)
0.1
0.05
steel-on-ice
steel-on-Teflon

6. Friction Problems – We Do
A 28 kg crate initially at rest on a horizontal floor requires a 75 N horizontal force to set it in motion. Find the coefficient of static friction between the crate and the floor. What do we do first?

7. Friction Problems – We Do
A 28 kg crate initially at rest on a horizontal floor requires a 75 N horizontal force to set it in motion. Find the coefficient of static friction between the crate and the floor.
Remember our strategy:
Draw a free body diagram
Identify all variables
Identify relevant equations
Solve!
Check your work!

8. Friction Problems – We Do
A 28 kg crate initially at rest on a horizontal floor requires a 75 N horizontal force to set it in motion. Find the coefficient of static friction between the crate and the floor. μs = 0.27

9. Friction Problems – We Do
A force of 40.0 N accelerates a 5.0-kg block at 6.0 m/s2 along a horizontal surface. a. How large is the frictional force? b. What is the coefficient of friction?

10. Friction Problems – We Do
A force of 40.0 N accelerates a 5.0-kg block at 6.0 m/s2 along a horizontal surface. a. How large is the frictional force? b. What is the coefficient of friction? Ff = 10 N μk = 0.2

11. Friction Problems – We Do
2) A 12 kg suitcase initially at rest is pushed with a force of 38 N to the left. If the coefficient of kinetic friction between the suitcase and the floor is 0.3, how far will the suitcase move after 5 sec?

12. Check your understanding

13. Check your understanding

14. Friction Problems – You Do
FOLLOW THE STEPS! Make a plan before you plug in numbers! Be able to explain your reasoning!
A 30 kg crate requires a 53 N force to keep it moving at 1 m/s. Find the coefficient of kinetic friction.
You need to move a 105-kg sofa to a different location in the room. It takes a 403-N force to start the sofa moving. What is the coefficient of static friction between the sofa and the carpet?
mk = 0.18

15. Elevator problem EXAMPLE of FBD Question:
How does the weight of a person in an elevator depend on the motion of that elevator?
EXAMPLE of
FBD
What will the scale show if the elevator is
at rest or moving with constant speed
speeding up
slowing down
Newton’s 3. law:
Force with which the person acts on the scale (reading of the scale) is equal to the normal force on the person.
So, if we find normal force we know the
reading of the scale, so called APPARENT WEIGHT

16. Let’s assume that elevator is moving upward, and let this be positive direction. 1. draw free body diagram 2. apply Newton’s 2. law : Fnet = ma + Fn
1. elevator is at rest or moving with constant speed
Fn – mg = ma = 0 → Fn = mg
apparent weight = weight Fn
2. elevator is speeding up: a is positive
Fn – mg = ma → Fn = mg + ma
apparent weight > weight
the scale would show more, and you would feel heavier Fn
3. elevator is slowing down: a is negative
Fn – mg = - ma → Fn = mg - ma
apparent weight < weight
the scale would show less, and you would feel lighter

17. Check your understanding

18. You Do
You are riding in an elevator holding a spring scale with a 1kg mass suspended from it. You look at the scale and see that it reads 9.3 N. What, if anything, can you conclude about the elevator’s motion at that time?

19. Exit Ticket
1) Solve the elevator problem for an elevator accelerating upward. YOU MUST EXPLAIN YOUR REASONING USING NEWTON’S 2nd LAW 2) Write down 2 things you learned friction problems.