1. Natural Experiments and Policy Monitoring Gillian Hewitt School Health Research Network DECIPHer, Cardiff University

2. Student Health and Wellbeing Survey School Environment Questionnaire
School Level Data on need; inform local action and evaluation
Policy Relevant Data to support policy evaluation across Government departments; system level change
Population Level Data on trends in health; changes in environments; health need and population planning
Student Health and Wellbeing Survey
School Environment Questionnaire
Research Data to inform research studies; baseline data; knowledge transfer; research ready schools & infrastructure
Regional Level Data to support evaluation of interventions; identification and prioritisation of need; new and emerging issues

3. Student Health and Wellbeing Survey School Environment Questionnaire
School Level Data on need; inform local action and evaluation
Policy Relevant Data to support policy evaluation across Government departments; system level change
Population Level Data on trends in health; changes in environments; health need and population planning
Student Health and Wellbeing Survey
School Environment Questionnaire
Research Data to inform research studies; baseline data; knowledge transfer; research ready schools & infrastructure
Regional Level Data to support evaluation of interventions; identification and prioritisation of need; new and emerging issues

4. What are natural experiments?
Exposure to the intervention or event is not controlled or manipulated by the researcher
Change in exposure is not motivated by research purposes

8. How can Network data be utilized in natural experiments?
Surveys provide pre- and post- legislation data on the outcome the policy seeks to change
Multiple pre-legislation time points
Multiple post-legislation time points

9. EU Tobacco Products Directive

10. EU Tobacco Products Directive

11. Impacts of e-cigarette regulation via the EU TPD on young people’s use of e-cigarettes: a natural experiment
Interrupted time series analysis drawing on data from Wales, Scotland and England
Primary outcome: ever use of e-cigarettes
Secondary outcomes:
Weekly e-cigarette use
Ever smoked tobacco
Weekly tobacco smoking

13. EU Tobacco Products Directive

15. Violence Against Women, Domestic Abuse and Sexual Violence (Wales) Act 2015
School Environment Questionnaire:
Staff training
Student Health and Wellbeing Survey:
Perceptions on how school handles VAW
Sexualised name calling and contact
Dating and relationship violence

16. Percentage of children who have fewer than two healthy lifestyle behaviours (not smoking, eat fruit / vegetables daily, never / rarely drink and meet the physical activity guidelines)