1. Leading to a Civil War

2. The Process of Secession

3. Leading to a Civil War Events leading to the Secession of the South
Political Sectionalism
Missouri Compromise 1820
Missouri - slave state
Maine - free state
Entry of states into the Union have to be balanced - one free/one slave
Gag Rule of 1836
postponed action on all petitions relating to slavery without hearing them
Compromise of 1850
California a free state
Slavery allowed in the other territories acquired from Mexico

4. Slave and Free Territories Under the Compromise of 1850

5. Leading to a Civil War Events leading to the Secession of the South
Kansas-Nebraska Act 1854
organized 2 new federal territories
repealed section of Missouri Compromise
prohibiting slavery in states/territories north of 36º 30’ latitude
people decide (popular sovereignty)

6. Leading to a Civil War Events leading to the Secession of the South
Dred Scott Decision 1857
Southern dominated court
Slaves were property
"congress could not ban slavery from territories”
Chief Justice Roger Taney

7. Leading to a Civil War Events leading to the Secession of the South
The Election of 1860
Aggressive movements of pro slave movement
frightened north
Hardened resistance in North
intensified southern insecurity
South demands - congressional slave codes

8. Leading to a Civil War Events leading to the Secession of the South
The Election of 1860
Freeport Doctrine
legislation to protect slave property in north
Lead to a division of the Democratic Party
Northern Democrats - Stephen Douglas
appealed to North & South but ambiguous
Southern Democrats - John Breckenridge
Appealed to south - popular sovereignty
Republicans - Abraham Lincoln
Constitutional Union Party - John Bell

9. The Election of 1860

10. LEADING TO A CIVIL WAR Events Leading to the Secession of the South
Political Sectionalism
Missouri Compromise
Gag Rule
Compromise of 1850
Wilmot Proviso
Kansas Nebraska Act 1854
Dred Scot Decision 1857
Election of 1860

11. Leading to a Civil War 1. Conspiracy President Country
Causes Leading to A Civil War
1. Conspiracy
President Country
North Lincoln USA
South J. Davis CSA
Each side felt the other was conspiring against the other
Laws & measures that inhibited the south - DAVIS
Congress controlled by north
North doesn't want to control south - south wants
to expand into the west LINCOLN
Each side didn't trust in an economic or political sense

12. Leading to a Civil War 2. Constitutional
Causes Leading to A Civil War
2. Constitutional
UNITED STATES VS. STATES UNITED
South - separate individual states form the union
since states formed the union they can opt out
North - the union created the states by the constitution
If the union is dissolved there is nothing
LINCOLN WAS FIGHTING TO SAVE THE UNION NOT TO FREE THE SLAVES (a political move)
Lincoln was a federalist & constitutionalist

13. Leading to a Civil War Causes Leading to A Civil War 3. Slavery
Davis - the Blacks have a better condition under the superior White race
“docile savages to bodily comforts and religious instruction”
Lincoln - not in favor of bringing about the social or economic equality of Negroes “There must be the position of inferior/superior”
Lincoln 1858
Lincoln was a product of his own culture
Freeing of slaves not a matter of equality!!!
Yet he was against the concept of slavery
SAVE THE UNION

14. Leading to a Civil War Causes Leading to A Civil War 4. Economic Labor
South - free labor North - paid labor
Tariffs
North wanted to protect their products artificial inflation of imports
South faced reciprocal tariffs when they exported their agricultural products
South Against High Tariffs
North Against Free Labor

15. Leading to a Civil War Causes Leading to A Civil War 4. Economic
North passes laws in congress because of an imbalance in voting power
19 Free States
15 Slave States

16. Leading to a Civil War
" it presents the question whether discontented individuals too few in numbers to control administration according to organic law in any case, can always upon the pretenses made in this case, or on any other pretense, break up their government, and thus practically put an end to free government upon the earth. It forces us to ask: Is there, in all republics, this inherent and fatal weakness? Must a government, of necessity be too strong for the liberties of its own people or too weak to maintain its own existence?"
Lincoln - July 4, 1861
following Ft. Sumter

17. Leading to a Civil War
“our heritage depends on inherent weakness of a republic to strong to maintain liberties yet too weak to maintain its existence”.
Abraham Lincoln

18. Instructor: Carol Jean Cox
Leading to a Civil War
Instructor: Carol Jean Cox