1. Southern Reconstruction

2. Lincoln’s Plan No punishment for Confederate soldiers. 10 % Plan:
10 % of southern state votes to rejoin the Union, they get to make new gov’t.
Help former slaves
Give freedman 40 acres of gov’t. land OR
Possibly start a new colony in Africa

3. Problems with Lincoln Gone
Only person able AND willing to help southern states.
Radical Republicans:
Republicans who feared leniency would allow southern states to recreate old gov’ts.
Andrew Johnson:
Lincoln’s vice president, former slave owner whom nobody really trusted.
Virtually none of Lincoln’s plan happens.

4. Radical Reconstruction
Disenfranchised: Radicals took away the right to vote from anyone who supported the Confederacy.
All southern states in military districts run by Union generals.
Had to accept the 14th Amendment: made all people, even former slaves, born in America full citizens.

5. Carpet Bag Governments
Northerners who moved south to run for office since many white southerners couldn’t vote.
Black Codes:
Southern states passed laws restricting rights of many former slaves, like voting.
15th Amendment:
Granted the right to vote for all people regardless of race
Easily avoided by many states until Civil Rights Act in 1960s.

6. Johnson’s Impeachment
tried blocking Radical plans, but was overridden.
Radicals passed laws to take away president’s power.
Tenure Law:
Johnson could not fire any cabinet member hired by Lincoln without Congress approval.
Edwin Stanton:
Radical Republican, Secretary of War, intentionally irritated Johnson until he was fired.
Impeachment: to bring federal charges upon an elected official, Johnson was the first President to be impeached.
found innocent by just one vote, stayed in office.