1. Aga Private computer Institute Prepared by: Srwa Mohammad
SQL Server
Aga Private computer Institute
Prepared by: Srwa Mohammad

2. Chapter 1 Database Concepts Introduction to Database Concepts
A database is collection of information that is organized so that it can be easily accessed managed and updated

3. Database systems 2 types of database system
database system Hardware: it is helpful to categorize computer memory into 2 classes (internal memory & external memory) internal is permanent for example ROM1 and external as ROM2 which is volatile
database system Software: user interface with database systems through query languages
*main task of data manipulation are data retrieval and data update

4. Type of databases
1-Relational database: the data is in a relational database is stored in different data tables, each table has a key field used to connect it to other tables
2- operational database: is very important to organizations as they include the customer database and personal database

5. 3- database Warehouses: organizational is required to keep all relevant data for several years
4- distributed database: many organizations have several office location
5- user database: each workstation is like a small database in itself

6. Steps of Design database
1-determine the purpose of your database
2-determine the tables you need in database
3-determine the fields you need
4-identify fields with unique values
5-determine the relationships between tables
6-refine the design

7. Chapter Tow Introduction to SQL server
SQL server: is a relational database management system developed by Microsoft.
Relational database management system (RDBMS): offers a variety of administrative tools to ease the burdens of database development, maintenance and administration

8. SQL Server minimum hardware requirements
SQL Server Editions
Memory (RAM)
CPU
SQL Server
Enterprise (64 bit)
1 GB
1.4 GHz
Business Intelligence(64 bit)
Standard (64 bit)
Enterprise (32 bit)
1 GHz
Business Intelligence(32bit)
Standard(32 bit)

9. SQL Server minimum software requirements
Operating system (OS)
NET Framework
Windows PowerShell
SQL Server support tools and software
Internet Explorer
Virtualization

10. Advantages of master DB:
The Master Database: one of the database installed with Microsoft SQL Server is named master
Advantages of master DB:
Holds all information about server
Keeps track of every thing you do on the server (EX\ creating & managing database)

11. Data types
Data type: is an attribute that specifies type of data of any object
Numeric data types:
Int: from (-9, 224, 8899,251) to (9, 224, 8899,251)
Tinyint: from (0) to (255)
Bit: from(0) to (1)
Decimal: from (-10^2+1) to (10^2-1)
Numeric: from (-10^2+1) to (10^2-1)
Money: from (-1 , 113 , ) to (+1 , 113 , )

12. Date and Time data type:
Datetime: from (Jan 1,1753) to (Dec 31,9999)
Date : store data like (June 30,1991)
Time: store time like 12:30 P.M.
Character and String data type:
Char: from (char) to (data with max length of 8000 characters)
Text: from (text) to (data with max length of 2,147,483,647 characters )

13. Data Definition Language (DDL)
DDL: are statements used to define database structure in SQL server
They used to create, alter, or drop data structure
CREATE: to create object in database
ALTER: modify structure of database
DROP: delete an object in database
TURNCATE: remove all records from database ,spaces of records also will be deleted
COMMENT: add comment to the data dictionary
RENAME: rename an object

14. Data Manipulation language (DML)
DML: are statements used to retrieve and work with data in SQL server
Statements used to add, modify, query, or remove data in SQL server database:
SELECT: retrieve data from database
INSERT: insert data to table
UPDATE: update existing data in table
DELETE: delete all record from table, spaces of records are remain