1. A Synopsis of Their History
UNIX and LINUX
A Synopsis of Their History

2. Origins of UNIX
Multics (Multiplexed Information and Computer Services)
1960’s
MIT, AT&T Bell Labs, and General Electric personnel
Largely funded by ARPA (DOD), Bell, and GE/Honeywell
GE-645
Many problems, innovations
Bell Labs withdraws in 1969

3. After Multics at Bell Labs
Several computer scientists from Bell Labs who had worked on Multics started work on a smaller, less complex operating system.
Unics (UNiplexed Information and Computing Service)
PDP-7 minicomputer
Renamed UNIX
1971 – publication of the Unix Programmer’s Reference Manual
Unix is rewritten in C.

4. The C Language 1969-73: Developed by Dennis Ritchie at Bell Labs
ANSI Standard C released in 1989
Latest standard: December 2011
The syntactic ancestor of many languages, including C++ and Java.

5. Unix impact Not totally controlled by a computer vendor.
Easily obtained free of charge from AT&T because of 1956 consent decree.
Ran on cheap hardware.
Easy to adapt and move to different machines (portable).

6. Linux One of many Unix-like operating systems
Kernel written by Linus Torvalds in 1991
Red Hat Linux is one popular derivative.