1. Safety Considerations in Agriculture Lab
Agricultural Education
Petal High School

2. Unit 2 Objectives
2.1 Define terms related to safety in agricultural structures
2.2 Identify the frequent causes of accidents in agricultural structures
2.3 List precautions that may be taken to prevent accidents in agricultural construction

3. Unit 2 Objectives 2.4 Identify safety colors associated with the shop
2.5 Explain how fires and fire extinguishers are classified
2.5.1 Illustrate the proper use of a fire extinguisher

4. Unit 2 Terms
Safety – condition of being protected against events that are considered non-desirable.
Physical
Emotional
Psychological
Financial
Social
Occupational

5. Unit 2 Terms
1. Class A fire—a fire fueled by solids such as paper or wood
2. Class B fire—a fire fueled by flammable liquids such as gasoline or paint thinner
3. Class C fire—a fire fueled by electricity
4. Class D fire—a fire fueled by flammable metals such as magnesium

6. Unit 2 Terms
5. Fatigue—a condition that causes many accidents on farms due to working long hours
6. Fire triangle—represents the three essential components of a fire (if one side is removed, the fire will go out)
7. Safety colors—a system developed by OSHA that uses colors to indicate danger zones, safety equipment, etc.

7. Unit 2 Terms
8. Safety goggles—equipment used to protect the eyes from flying objects and particles
9. Safety zone—the area around a piece of machinery inside which a person is in some degree of danger (no one should be inside this zone except the operator)

8. Unit 2 Terms 10. Noise intensity – energy in the sound waves
11. Extinguish – to put out a fire by cooling, smothering, or removing fuel
12. Combustion – burning

9. General Shop Safety for the Agricultural Lab

10. Causes of Accidents in Lab
Brainstorm 5 possible causes for accidents

11. Causes of Accidents in Lab
Getting in a Hurry
Horseplay
Inexperience
Inattentive / Distracted
Fatigue / Sick

12. Human Safety Factors Knowledge Skill Physical Ability
Positive Attitude
Supervision

13. Prevention of Accidents/Injuries
Using PPE
Follow General Precautions
Use Precautions for
Hand tools
Power tools
Oxyacetylene
Electricity
Observe Safety Colors

14. (PPE) Personal Protective Equipment
Safety Glasses/Goggles/Shields (ANSI Z87.1)
Ear plugs, muffs
Safety helmets/caps
Gloves/Gauntlets
Leather Jacket/Leggings

15. Personal Protective Equipment

16. Personal Protective Equipment

17. General Safety Practices for Lab
Always wear safety glasses properly.
When working with heated objects, always wear gloves or use proper tool.
No running or horseplay.
Learn to do a job the right way.
Report all injuries to the instructor.
Observe all warning signs or tags.

18. General Safety Practices Cont..
Turn off machines when not in use or during repair.
Unless you have been taught to run a machine, don’t use it.
Always use the proper tool for the job.

19. General Safety Practices Cont..
Avoid wearing loose or overly baggy clothing when working with machinery.
Be aware of people around you at all times.
Use correct shaded lens when welding or cutting.
Know where fire escape routes and fire extinguishers are.

20. Hand Tool Safety

21. Hand Tool Safety Use the right SIZE and TYPE of tool for the job
Follow the correct procedure for using every tool
Keep cutting tools sharp and in good condition
Don’t work with oily or greasy hand

22. Hand Tool Safety Handle sharp or pointed tools with care
Always carry sharp or pointed tools with the point down
Never carry tools in your pocket
Don’t use tools that are loose or cracked
Chisels or punches with mushroomed heads should be ground smooth
Don’t use a file without a handle

23. Hand Tool Safety Don’t use screwdrivers as chisels or pry bars
Don’t use a “cheater” with a wrench
After using a tool, clean it and return it to its proper place
If anything breaks or malfunctions, report it to your instructor at once
Never place tools & materials where they hang on the edge of the table

24. Hand Tool Safety Don’t use tools for things they weren’t meant for
Cut away from yourself and others when using sharp tools
Don’t pry or hammer with file.

25. Power Tool Safety

26. Power Tool Safety Don’t operate a machine until:
A) receiving proper instruction
B) you fully understand how to use it
C) you have permission
Always wear eye protection
Know and understand all the manufacturers’ safety rules

27. Power Tool Safety Use all guards exactly as they should be used
Make all adjustments with the power off
Power tools should be inspected and serviced at regular intervals by qualified repair people
Be sure all power tools are grounded with a 3-wire conductor cord when required
Before connecting to a power source, make sure the switch is “OFF”

28. Power Tool Safety
Make sure everyone is clear BEFORE you turn on the power
Start and stop the machine yourself-STAY WITH THE MACHINE UNTIL IT STOPS !!!
Keep a safe distance between your hands and all moving parts
Operate the machine by yourself - unless you need a helper

29. Power Tool Safety
Never work on a machine or power tools when you are TIRED or HURRIED
Don’t lean or lounge on machines or tables
Give your machine your full attention. Don’t look away or talk to others
Never startle, speak, or distract in any way, someone who is using a power tool or machine

30. Power Tool Safety Be sure your hands are dry
Plan your work before you begin
When two people work on a machine, THE PERSON WHO IS OPERATING THE MACHINE should give all the instructions
Don’t leave a machine unattended while it is running!!!!
Disconnect the electrical power before you oil or clean a machine

31. and finally…. Keep your work area clean & clear
Notify your inst. if anything breaks or malfunctions
Get first aid treatment for every injury

32. Oxy-acetylene Safety

33. Oxy-acetylene Safety
When working with a lighted torch, always wear dark goggles to protect your eyes from sparks and intense light.
Wear heat-resistant, nonflammable gloves.
Keep area and clothes free from grease or oil.
Do not oil or grease cylinder screws.
Wear coveralls (avoid loose clothing, trousers with cuffs, and pockets).

34. Oxy-acetylene Safety
Some metals require you to wear a respirator galvanized iron, lead, zinc, beryllium, cadmium
Report defective material or tools to instructor
Welding and cutting should be done in well ventilated areas
Use soap and water to check for gas leaks

35. Cylinder Care
Store or place cylinders in safe places with secure chains around them.
Keep sparks and flames away
Always store tanks with safety caps.
When “cracking the cylinder valve” do not stand in front of the cylinder valve.
When in use, open oxygen cylinder all the way.

36. Cylinder Care
When in use, open acetylene cylinder one quarter to one-half turns.
Do not use cylinders without proper pressure regulators.
Do not use undue force in trying to open or close a cylinder valve.

37. Oxy-acetylene Hose Care
Oxygen hoses are green, acetylene hoses are red
Oxygen hose fittings have right-hand threads
Acetylene fittings have left-hand threads
Never used damaged hoses.
Do not allow hoses to come in contact with hot metal or where sparks could accumulate

38. Torch Care and Lighting
Never use a match to light torch.
Do not light your torch from another person’s flame
Always use correct pressures
Be careful when handling a lit torch. Know where other people are and where combustibles are.

39. Electrical Safety

40. Electrical Safety Do not operate electrical devices around water
GFCI (ground fault circuit interrupters) should be used in damp areas
Install devices according to code
Use only UL (Underwriters Laboratory) approved materials
Turn off Power when servicing equipment (Lockout/Tagout)
Avoid using extension cords, especially long cords with small gauge wire.

41. Safety Colors

42. Safety Colors for Shop Why Use colors ?
Alert people to dangers or hazards
Help People to locate certain objects
Promote cleanliness and order
Help People react quickly to emergencies

43. Safety Colors for Shop
Red
Orange
Yellow
Green
White
Black

44. Safety Colors for Shop
Safety Red: for the identification of DANGER and STOP or EMERGENCY
Commonly used examples. 1)The background color of the signal word panel for DANGER safety signs, labels and tags (see ANSI Z535.2, ANSI Z535.4 and ANSI Z535.5).

45. Safety Colors for Shop
2) Flammable liquid containers such as safety cans.
3) Emergency stop bars on machines.
4) Stop buttons or electrical switches used for emergency stopping of machinery. 5) Fire protection equipment and apparatus.

46. Safety Colors for Shop
Safety Orange Where an intermediate level of hazard (i.e. WARNING) is used, the color shall be Safety Orange. If a color is to be used to identify the hazardous parts of machines, Safety Orange shall be used.

47. Safety Colors for Shop
Commonly used examples. 1) The background color of the signal word panel for WARNING safety signs, labels and tags (see ANSI Z535.2, ANSI Z535.4 and ANSI Z535.5).
2) Marking hazardous parts of machines which may cut, crush, or otherwise injure; and emphasizing such hazards when enclosure doors are open or when gear, belt, or other guards around moving equipment are open or removed, exposing unguarded hazards.
3) Marking the inside of movable guards or the inside of transmission guards for gears, pulleys, chains, etc. Marking exposed parts (edges only) of pulley, gears, rollers, cutting devices, power jaws, etc.

48. Safety Colors for Shop
Safety Yellow Safety Yellow shall be the color for the identification of CAUTION. Solid yellow, yellow and black stripes, or yellow and black checkers shall be used for maximum contrast with the particular background.

49. Safety Colors for Shop
Commonly used examples. 1) The background color of the signal word panel for CAUTION safety signs, labels and tags, see ANSI Z535.2, ANSI Z535.4 and ANSI Z535.5).
2) Marking physical hazards which might result in: striking against, stumbling, falling, tripping, or being caught in-between.
3) Storage cabinets for flammable materials. For containers of flammable or combustible materials.
4) Containers for corrosives, or unstable materials. Such containers shall be yellow or identified by a yellow band around their middle at least 1/4 their height. The contents of the container shall be identified thereon.

50. Safety Colors for Shop
Safety Green Safety Green shall be the color for emergency egress, and the location of first aid and safety equipment.

51. Safety Colors for Shop
Commonly used examples. 1) The background color of the signal word panel for general safety signs (see ANSI Z535.2). 2) Gas masks. 3) First aid kits. 4) First aid dispensary. 5) Stretchers. 6) Safety deluge showers. 7) Safety bulletin boards. 8) Emergency egress routes.

52. Safety Colors for Shop
Safety Blue for identification of safety information used on signs and bulletin boards.

53. Safety Colors for Shop
Safety Black, Safety White, Safety Yellow, or combinations of Safety Black with Safety White or Safety Yellow shall be the colors for the designation of traffic or housekeeping markings.

54. Safety Colors

55. Fire Safety

56. Fire Triangle Heat Oxygen Fuel
Remove any of the three components, and Extinguish the fire!
Oxygen
Fuel

57. Fire Tetrahedron

58. Fire Classification Class A: Paper, Wood, Clothing
Class B: Flammable Liquids
Class C: Electricity
Class D: Flammable Metals

59. Fire Classification

60. Using a Fire Extinguisher
Mock Demonstration
Pull pin
Aim
Squeeze trigger
Spray in fanning motion starting at base of fire

61. Basic First Aid

62. First Aid
All accidents should be reported to the instructor IMMEDIATELY!
For Cuts:
Pinch together
Apply direct pressure to stop bleeding
Leave imbedded objects for Medical Staff

63. First Aid
All accidents should be reported to the instructor IMMEDIATELY!
For Burns:
Run clean cool water over area.
Apply burn cream.