1. Chapter 1: Materials
Section 1!

2. Why study materials? With your partner, ask yourselves the following:
What kind of material would you use to build these, and why:
A bridge
A bed
A window
A car
Did we use the same material for everything? Why not?
We use materials with desirable properties for what we need.

3. Properties of Matter
What separates a pillow from a brick? Many qualities, but all of these are called
There are two kinds of Properties:
Properties and…
properties

4. Physical Properties
A is a property that can be observed WITHOUT what that substance is made of.
ACTIVITY: I am going to pass a few objects around the room, observe them with your partner(s), I will ask a few questions about these.
All of these are physical properties because we did not change what any of those substances were made of by observing those properties

5. Physical Properties: Examples
Other examples of phys. properties:
By boiling or melting something, do we change what it is MADE of?

6. Chemical Properties
A Property is a property that can only be observed when that material undergoes a
Examples of Chemical Properties: , , and of course, !

7. Changes in matter
Sometimes, matter undergoes . These can range from ripping paper to soda going flat.
There are two types of changes:
and…

8. Physical Changes
A is a change a material can undergo that change what that material is made of.
THINK PAIR SHARE: What are some changes you can do to an ice cube that don’t change that it is made of water?

9. Physical Changes Examples of physical changes:
In none of these changes did we change what the wire, ice, or rock was made of!

10. Chemical Changes
A Chemical Change is a change that alter what the material is made of. A Chemical change results in a change in that material’s composition!
These changes are also known as
In a Chemical Reaction, the materials you with are called
The materials you get out are called

11. Chemical Changes There are 4 major indicators of chemical changes:
A is a solid that usually forms from two liquids.
6:20- Golden Rain: Lead Iodide

12. Chemical Changes
Examples of a Chemical change include: (what indicates these are reactions?)
Opening a soda-
Cracking a glowstick-
Using handwarmers-
Adding NaCl to AgNO3 (DEMO TIME!!!)

13. Properties of Matter- Application
What Physical Properties make copper metal a good material to use for a coin?
(luster)
(doesn’t rip or chip easily)
(can be bent/molded into pennies)

14. Properties of matter- Application
Some CHEMICAL properties of copper metal that make it a good material to use in a coin:
(doesn’t dissolve in water)
(doesn’t react with many substances)

15. Practice time!
Below we are going to go over a few practice problems. Decide on your own whether the following are physical properties or chemical properties. After you are done, compare with your partner!
Pure metals have a high Luster:
The surfaces of some materials become dull when exposed to air:
Nitrogen, usually unreactive, can form Nitrogen Oxides in some car engines:

16. Practice Continued
Diamonds are hard enough to use as coating for drill bits: Milk turns sour if left too long at room temperature:
Metals are typically ductile (can be made into wires): Argon gas (unreactive) is used instead of air to protect the filament wire from being destroyed by chemical reactions: Drain cleaner is a strong chemical that can dissolve most drain clogs:
Metals are better conductors of heat and electricity than nonmetals:

17. The Particulate view of Matter
In order to understand the properties of matter we have been studying, we need to study them at the Particulate Level, or the level of atoms and molecules.
are the smallest unit of matter, also referred to as the building blocks of matter.
Matter that is made up of only one kind of atom is called an

18. Elements Any element can be found on the Examples of elements:
Get to know your 1st 30 elements on the table! (Hydrogen to Zinc), Know the name and symbol of these. They are fair game for quizzes in this chapter!

19. Compounds When you combine atoms of two or more elements, you get a !
Some compounds are referred to by their formulas, others have names, can you name any?
Examples of Compounds:

20. Substances Both elements and compounds are known as .
A substance is defined as anything with a and definite composition.
More simply put, something that can be The smallest unit of matter for an element is called an
The smallest unit of matter for a Compound is called a Molecules are held together by between the individual atoms.
Kind of like the nubs on lego pieces holding legos together.

21. Element vs. Compound

22. Practice time!
Characterize the following as either an element or a molecule, then share with a partner:
Sulfur-
Water-
Rubbing Alcohol-
Gold-
Ammonia Gas (NH3)-

23. Classifying the elements
Today, there are over unique elements that have been discovered and observed.
As scientists started discovering more elements, they realized they needed a way to organize them all on a Periodic Table (we will talk more about this later).
The elements can be grouped in many ways, including the following:

24. Metals The first category we will talk about are
of the periodic table are Metals
Some Examples of metals include: Any others? (There’s plenty!)

25. Properties of Metals
THINK PAIR SHARE: What are some properties of Metals that you know of?
Some Properties of Metals:
Metals are all to the of the “Staircase” on the Per. Table!

26. Nonmetals Nonmetals are generally considered the of the metals.
There are much Nonmetals than Metals
The Nonmetals are located to the of the “Stairstep”
Examples of Nonmetals include:

27. Properties of Nonmetals
If Nonmetals are the opposite of metals, can you guess some of their properties too?
Dull (opposite of shiny),

28. Metalloids
Metals are on the Left, Nonmetals are on the right, Metalloids are the “Stairstep”!
THINK PAIR SHARE: If Metalloids are between Metals and Nonmetals, what do you think their properties are like?
Examples of Metalloids:
is on the steps, but a metal, because of metallic props.