1. Chinese history 4

2. Mao & Communism

3. transition Lots of investment  improve trade and economy
New food sources  increase population
Westerners:
Cons:
Dependence and exploitation
Country becomes underdeveloped
Local industry decreases
Profits don’t go to Chinese
Pros:
Modern transportation and communications
Export market
Bring China into world economy

4. Chinese communist party (ccp)
1921: founded in Shanghai
1923: CCP & NP form alliance despite differences to unify country and drive out imperialism
Took control of most of S. China
1927: NP leader dies and new leader kills thousands of CCPs in “Shanghai Massacre”
Alliance destroyed
CCP into hiding

5. Mao zedong 1893 – 1976 (Mao Tse-tung) Slightly well off peasant family
Little to no education
Worked in the fields

6. Mao zedong Joined the Revolutionary Army Became a teacher
Heard about Russian Revolution
Adopted Leninist ideas
Established Communist Party

8. Mao zedong Revolution will be driven by peasants Used guerilla tactics
“When the enemy advances, we retreat.”
“When the enemy halts and camps, we trouble them.”
When the enemy tries to avoid battle, we attack.”
When the enemy retreats, we pursue.”

9. The Long march People’s Liberation Army (PLA)
Surrounded by NP but breaks through and escapes
Travelled 6,000 miles (~24 miles a day) to last CCP base in NW China
Fighting NP and starving
1 year
90,000  9,000
Treated peasants with respect

10. NP attempts to stay in power
Believed China needed new system but people need to be educated about govt first
80% of population illiterate peasants
“New Life Movement”
Promoted Confucian ideals and rejected Western
pg606

11. 2 governments
1937: Japan invades China and army needs help, makes peace with CCP
1945: NP supported by US vs. CCP & Mao
Civil War
1949:
CCP & PLA win
Mao establishes People's Republic of China (PRC)
NP flees to Taiwan

12. ‘mao suit’

13. Mao’s china Socialist programs
Land taken from wealthy and given to peasants
Farmland collectivized
Industry and commerce nationalized
Pros:
Increased status of women
Doubled school population and improved literacy
Increased access to health care and thus life expectancy
1957: pop = 657 million

14. Mao’s china 1958: “The Great Leap Forward”
700,000 farms converted to 26,000 communes (~700 million people)
Communes: 30,000 people lived and worked together
Communal childcare, meals, etc.
“Hard work for a few years, happiness for a thousand.”
3 major programs that killed millions*

15. Mao’s china
“Red Flag Canal”
9 years; 44 miles

16. Mao’s china
“Backyard Furnaces” – small furnaces to produce steel so China would become world’s largest steel producer
People melted anything down
Steel was very poor quality

17. Great Sparrow Campaign 1957
Mao’s china
“Four Pests Campaign” – get rid of rats, flies, mosquitoes, sparrows
Great Sparrow Campaign 1957

18. China Under Mao – The Great Leap Forward
Mao’s china
3 programs + bad floods = decrease in food
~15-20 mill starve --- some estimates put the total death toll at 40 million (largest manmade famine in history) – hidden from world
Also died from exertion, disease, punishment
1960: program dissolves
China Under Mao – The Great Leap Forward

19. Mao’s china Mao wants classless society
1966: “Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution”
Little Red Book: Mao’s thoughts, in every building

20. Mao’s china Red Guards: revolutionary group of young people
Set to destroy ‘Four Olds’
Old ideas, old culture, old customs, old habits
Destroyed temples and foreign books/music
Changed ‘red’ to ‘go’ in traffic lights
Attacked dissidents and artists

22. Cultural revolution
Mao feared ‘family loyalty’ would disrupt ‘state loyalty’ – children reported on parents
‘Bourgeoisie’ values targeted
Teachers and political
leaders targeted
Students attacked people
and fought for Mao
Suicides

23. China Under Mao – The Cultural Revolution
Chaos
Factories, schools, hospitals close
Army called in
Red Guard sent to countryside to learn farming & ‘cool off’
China Under Mao – The Cultural Revolution

24. change 1972: meets with Nixon Nixon wants:
Solve Taiwan problem…US continues working with both PRC and RofC until only PRC in 1979
Discuss Vietnam…PRC eventually helps North Vietnam
China to ally against Russia & arms race…didn’t have great impact
1976: Mao dies, reformers seize power

25. Mao’s Crystal Coffin

27. Start at 8:12

28. sources
/videos/confucius-mini-biography
and-legacy-
canal/johnson-text

29. sources http://www.britannica.com/topic/Manchu m
sun-yat-sen-and-the-long-march

30. sources http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/3371659.stm
history-1918-to-1980/china-1900-to-1976/the-great- leap-forward/