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AP World History Unit 3 600 C.E. – 1450 C.E..

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Presentation on theme: "AP World History Unit 3 600 C.E. – 1450 C.E.."— Presentation transcript:

1 AP World History Unit 3 600 C.E. – 1450 C.E.

2 Existing Trade Routes Silk Roads Mediterranean Sea
Trans-Saharan Trade Routes Indian Ocean Basin

3 New American Trade Networks
Mississippi River Valley Mesoamerica Andes Mountains

4 New Trading Cities*** Novgorod Timbuktu Swahili city-states Hangzhou
Calicut Baghdad Melaka Venice Tenochtitlan Cahokia

5 Luxury goods**** Trade encouraged by new technology, monetary systems
Silk Cotton Porcelain Spices Metals/gems Slaves Exotic animals

6 New monetary systems Bills of exchange Credit Checks Banking Houses

7 State economic practices***
Inca road system Hanseatic League Grand Canal (China) Minting coins Paper money

8 Afro-Eurasian Trade Facilitated by expansion of empires
China Byzantine Empire Caliphates Mongols New peoples drawn into conquerors’ economies

9 Environmental Adaptations, Effects
Scandinavian Vikings Long ships on open waters, rivers Arabs, Berbers Camels across the Sahara Desert Central Asian Pastoralists Horses across the steppes Bantu migrations Spread iron, agriculture across Sub-Saharan Africa Polynesians Transplanted crops, animals to new islands

10 Diffusion of Language Bantu Turkic Arabic

11 Islam Based on revelations of Muhammad
Developed on Arabian Peninsula in early 600s Monotheistic beliefs, practices, reflected interactions among Arabs and: Jews Christians Zoroastrians

12 Spread of Islam Military expansion brought Islam to areas of Afro-Eurasia Later expanded via Merchants (sub-Saharan Africa) Missionaries (South Asia)

13 Diasporic communities
Introduced culture to indigenous people Muslim merchants – Indian Ocean Chinese merchants – Southeast Asia Sogdian merchants – Central Asia Jewish Communities Mediterranean Indian Ocean Silk Roads

14 Travel writing Showed extent, limitations of cultural knowledge
Ibn Battuta Marco Polo Xuanzang

15 Diffusion of literary, artistic, cultural traditions
Christianity in Europe Neoconfucianism, Buddhism in East Asia Hinduism, Buddhism in Southeast Asia Islam in sub-Saharan Africa, Asia Toltec/Mexica in Mesoamerica Inca in Andean America

16 Diffusion of scientific, technological innovation
Greek, Indian mathematics on Islamic scholars Greek science, philosophy to western Europe Via Muslim al-Andalus in Iberia Printing, gunpowder from East Asia to Islamic empires, western Europe

17 Diffusion of crops, disease
Bubonic plague spreads along trade routes Bananas in Africa New rice varieties in East Asia Cotton, sugar, citrus Mediterranean Dar Al-Islam

18 Reconstituted governments
Byzantine Empire Chinese Dynasties Sui Tang Song

19 Traditional sources of power
Patriarchy Religion Land-owning elites

20 Government innovations
New methods of taxation Tributary systems Adaptation of religious institutions

21 New Governments Islamic states Abbasids Iberia Delhi Sultanate
Mongol khanates City-states Italy East Africa Southeast Asia Americas Decentralized governments (feudalism) Europe Japan

22 Synthesized traditions
Persian – Islamic states Chinese – Japanese states

23 American States Expanded in scope, reach Mayan network of city-states
Imperial systems Mexica (Aztec) Inca

24 Interregional conflicts
Encouraged technological, cultural transfers Tang China – Abbasids Paper making China – Japan, Korea Neoconfucianism Mongol empires Gunpowder Crusades Ming Admiral Zheng He

25 Agricultural innovations
Chinampa field system Waru Waru techniques Improved terracing Horse collar

26 Demand for luxury goods
Increased in Afro-Eurasia Textile, porcelain production China, Persia, India Industrial iron, steel China

27 Decline of urban areas (before 1000)
Invasions Disease Decline of agriculture

28 Urban revival (after 1000) End of invasions
Safe, reliable transportation Rise of Commerce Warmer temperatures ( ) Increased agricultural productivity Rising population Availability of labor

29 Changes in labor Free peasant agriculture Nomadic pastoralism
Craft Production Guild Organization Coerced/Unfree labor Government labor taxes Military obligations

30 New forms of coerced labor
Serfdom Europe, Japan Mit’-a Incan Empire Free peasants revolted against tax increases China, Byzantine Empire Demand for military, domestic slavery increased Central Eurasia, Africa, Eastern Mediterranean

31 Social structures Shaped by class, caste Patriarchy persisted
Some power for women Mongols West Africa Southeast Asia

32 Gender relations Diffusion of religions led to changes in gender relations, family structure Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, Neoconfucianism Men and women could seek divorce in some Muslim states Footbinding begins in Song China

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