1. Why use in-text citations? Isn’t Works Cited enough?
The in-text citation gives your audience (the reader) a trail that shows where you found the information in each paragraph.

2. In-text Citation Formula (author’s last name + page number)

3. Make a claim from evidence:
Genres may change at any given moment as new ones
are created by blending elements from other genres. An author must carefully decide when and how to blend the
literary elements in a specific genre. In mysteries, for
example, an author will generally use suspense throughout the novel. Suspense is a technique that makes this type of genre a mystery (Roberts 75).
in-text
citation

4. Here’s the trail …
The information at the end of the paragraph (Roberts 75) provides a trail between the information and the Works Cited. Make the citation with the author’s last name and page number, if known. Add parenthesis and a period.

6. What if the source doesn’t have a page number?
Then don’t list a page number!

7. What if the author is not known …
Go back to the trail. Look at the Works Cited. What information can you give about the source? Try a shortened title.

9. Make a claim from evidence :
Life’s experiences may help an author to script a story within a specific genre. Mystery author, Leslie Caine, used her personal life experience to launch into the world of mystery writing. While working in a restaurant in Boston, Caine was held as a hostage for twelve hours. In addition to her career in journalism, this experience added to her ability to add suspense to her mystery writing (“Writing Via Interior Design.”).
in-text citation for a source without an author

11. Does the trail change
when I use a signal phrase or a direct quote?

12. author’s
name
Signal Phrase:
According to Gillian Roberts, author of books about writing mysteries, the structure of the story is particularly important, as well as developing the plot through false leads and red herrings. Mystery authors build their stories using characters, and need to create a history for their characters within the plot (48).
page number

13. For Direct Quotes:
Gillian Roberts, author of books about writing mysteries, states, “A character can do anything that you like if he or has reason and the reason comes out of his story” (48).
author’s
name
page number
Use
“ “
marks.

14. When should you use in-text citations?
summarize (unless the info is common knowledge)
paraphrase
directly quote

15. Remember the trail: In-text citation Works Cited Exact Source

16. Lets Try http://history-world.org/Industrial%20Intro.htm