1. Epidemiological Update on Public Health Emergencies WHO Country Office, Liberia 11 August 2017

2. Content Public Health Emergencies 1 2 3 4 5 6
Dengue Fever: Ivory Coast 2
Malaria: Cape Verde 3
Lassa Fever: Nigeria 4
Hepatitis E: Nigeria
Cholera: AFRO Region 5
Other Events Under Follow-up 6
Public Health Emergencies

3. Public Health Emergencies (AFRO)
12 Humanitarian Crises
26 Outbreaks 3
Grade 3 events 7
Grade 1 events 6
Grade 2 events 22
Ungraded events
Source: WHO Health Emergencies AFRO week 31 bulletin on outbreaks and public health emergencies

4. Dengue: Ivory Coast
18 to 25 July: 122 new suspected cases (Abidjan 120), Daloa (1), and Adzopé (1).
As of 25 July 2017: 858 suspected cases including 2 deaths
263 cases confirmed
Dengue type 3: 76 positive
Dengue type 3: 174 positive
Dengue type 1: 13 positive
112 samples are IgM + of which 77 cross-reactions yellow fever
Public Health Measures
End of the mosquito control campaign in the communes of Cocody, Bingerville and Marcory, and Treichville.
In total, 46,381 breeding sites have been treated, including 4,569 tires
Continue to raise awareness among the population
Geographical distribution of confirmed cases of dengue per commune, Ivory Coast, Week 17 – 29, 2017
Evolution of suspect and positive cases of dengue epidemic, Ivory Coast, Week 17-29, 2017
The weather conditions and coastal location including urban and semi-urban settings, as well as the high entomological indices observed during the initial rapid assessment validated the potential risk for dengue outbreak in the country. The low case fatality rate shows adequate case management but strengthening education of health care workers, vector control, laboratory and surveillance interventions is imperative to contain this outbreak
Source: WHO Country Office Dengue outbreak in Côte d'Ivoire Situation Report No. 14 of 25 July 2017

5. Cape Verde: Malaria
30 June - 30 July 2017: 45 indigenous cases and one imported case
All 45 locally acquired cases from capital city of Praia, Santiago Island.
Causative agent: Plasmodium falciparum Public Health Measures
Public Health Measures
Surveillance and treatment are ongoing in the local clinics
Active case finding initiated within affected households
Mass media messaging on preventive behaviours and vector control
Door-to-door campaign
Laboratory diagnostics (microscopy and RDTs) are readily available;
Weekly trend of malaria cases in Cape Verde, 1 January - 30 July 2017
Geographical distribution of malaria cases in Cape Verde, 30 June - 30 July 2017
Cabo Verde is a low malaria transmission country, eligible for elimination of the disease. With limited underlying immunity, all people (irrespective of their age group) are at risk of infection and of developing severe disease. Thus far, local transmission has been restricted to Praia. Nevertheless, there is a high risk of the disease spreading within the archipelago, given the presence of a potential vectors (Anopheles gambiae) throughout Santiago and neighbouring islands, regular travel within the islands and with other malaria-endemic countries, and the current high temperatures and humidity, and the upcoming rainy season, which enhance vector density.
Source: WHO Health Emergencies AFRO week 31 bulletin on outbreaks and public health emergencies

6. Nigeria: Lassa Fever
Week ending 30 July 2017: 13 new suspected cases from 4 states
8 confirmed including 2 deaths
Since December 2016: 681 suspected cases including 112 deaths (CFR 16.4%)
212 confirmed,14 probable
80 deaths among confirmed and probable cases (CFR 37.7%)
17 out of 36 (47%) states have reported at least one confirmed case
Public Health Measures
Confirmed cases are being managed at identified treatment and isolation centers
Active surveillance enhanced in all the affected states while contact tracing is ongoing
NCDC distributed PPE and other protection equipments medical centers
Geographical distribution of Lassa fever cases in Nigeria, December July 2017
The current outbreak of Lassa fever in Nigeria, however, is continuing beyond the normal season. The outbreak peaked in weeks 9 of 2017, with subsequent intermittent spikes in weeks 13, 15, 25 and 30, this pattern is consistent with recent reports of increasing frequency of Lassa fever cases outside the usual season and from non-endemic areas.
Source: WHO Health Emergencies AFRO week 31 bulletin on outbreaks and public health emergencies

7. Hepatitis E: Nigeria
Week ending 30 July 2017: 7 new suspected cases from Ngala Local Government Area (LGA)
Since June 2017: 696 suspected cases including four deaths (case fatality rate 0.6%); 300 samples collected,
42 positives, 232 pending
10 LGAs in Borno State have been affected, with Ngala being the most affected
Public Health Measures
Active surveillance continues in all affected and neighbouring LGAs, through partners.
Updated laboratory protocol developed
Risk communication and social mobilization continues in English, Hausa and Kanuri languages
Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH): construction of 200 latrines and 100 showers, and rehabilitation of water points
Geographical distribution of hepatitis E cases in north-east Nigeria, June - 30 July 2017

8. Cholera – AFRO Region
Democratic Republic of Congo (2015 – 2 July 2017): 44,415 cases with 1,244 deaths (CFR: 2.8%)
Tanzania (15 Aug 2015 – 16 Jul 2017): 30,269 cases with 475 deaths (CFR:1.6%)
South Sudan (20 Feb – 17 Jul 2017): 19,532 cases with 352 deaths (CFR: 1.8%)
Nigeria (7 – 30 June 2017): 1,803 cases with 32 deaths (CFR: 1.8%)
Kenya (2017): 1,551 cases with 25 deaths (CFR:1.6%)
Angola (4 Jan – 28 June 2017): 455 cases with 24 deaths (CFR: 5.3%)
Burundi: 6 cases with zero deaths
Geographical distribution of cholera cases in Kenya, 1 January - 30 July 2017

9. Other Events Under Follow-up
AWD in Ethiopia:
39,344 cases with 801 deaths (CFR- 2.0%)
Necrotising cellulitis/fasciitis in Sao Tome
1,838 cases with zero deaths
Hepatitis E in Chad:
1,685 suspected/confirmed cases with 18 deaths (CFR-1.1%)
Hepatitis E in Niger:
1,446 suspected/confirmed cases with 38 deaths (CFR-2.6%)
Measles in Ethiopia:
2,426 suspected cases

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