1. Secession and War

2. John Brown
On October 16, 1859, the abolitionist John Brown led a raid on Harper’s Ferry, Virginia
His target was a federal arsenal - a storage site for weapons

3. John Brown
Abolitionists paid for the raid, and Brown hoped to arm slaves and start a revolt

4. John Brown Local citizens and federal troops defeated Brown’s raid
Brown was convicted of treason and murder, and received a death sentence

5. John Brown Painting

6. Harper’s Ferry

7. Harper’s Ferry Today

8. John Brown Poster

9. Lincoln/Douglas Debates

10. The 1860 Election
Abraham Lincoln was elected President in 1860

11. The 1860 Election
Southern states debated the question of secession, or withdrawal from the Union
They used states’ rights to justify this
They believed the national government had broken a contract with them by failing to enforce the Fugitive Slave Act and by denying Southern states equal rights in the territories

12. The Confederacy
On December 20, 1860, South Carolina voted to secede from the Union

13. The Confederacy
By February 1861, Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, and Georgia had seceded

14. Secession Cartoon

15. Civil War Map

16. Border States
Missouri Delaware
Kentucky Maryland
West Virginia

17. Union States Maine Wisconsin New Hampshire Iowa Vermont Minnesota
Massachusetts Kansas
Connecticut Oregon
Rhode Island California
New York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
Ohio
Michigan
Indiana
Illinois

18. Confederate States Virginia Mississippi North Carolina Louisiana
South Carolina Texas
Georgia Arkansas
Florida Tennessee
Alabama