1. Civil War Summary

2. Causes: 1. Differences between the North and South
2. Missouri Compromise
Forbid Slavery above the 36 30’ line
Kept N&S states equal in the Senate
3. The Dred Scott Decision
Angered the North
Decided by the Supreme Court
Supported slavery

3. 4. Abraham Lincoln’s Election
1860 became president
1st Republican President
Anti-Slavery
Won with only 40% of the vote
5. Abolitionists
Fought against slavery
Mostly from the North
Underground Railroad

4. Start of the War: 1. South Carolina seceded from the Union.
10 other states followed.
2. Ft. Sumter
Northern Fort in Charleston Harbor in South Carolina
1st shot fired by South
War declared by North after Ft. Sumter

5. 3. North needed to keep the border states in the Union to
3. North needed to keep the border states in the Union to protect Washington D.C.
Maryland, Delaware, Missouri, Kentucky, West Virginia
4. Lincoln’s goal at the beginning of the war was to preserve the Union.

6. The War
1. 1st Battle of Bull Run (Manassas)- both sides realized it would be a long war.
Southern Victory
2. Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg) – Afterward Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation
Declared freedom for all slaves in the Confederacy; not for slaves in the northern border states.
Union Victory

7. 3. Southern Victories 4. Northern Victories Ft. Sumter
Chancellorsville
2nd Battle of Bull Run (Manassas)
4. Northern Victories
Gettysburg (turning pt.)
Vicksburg – Took control of the Mississippi
Atlanta

8. 5. Leaders North Ulysses S. Grant : also known as “the butcher”
William T. Sherman : famous for his “March to the Sea” and slash and burn policy
South
Robert E. Lee : didn’t believe in secession, but went with his home state of Virginia.

9. The End of the War
1. General Lee surrendered to General Grant at Appomattox Court House
2. About 600,000 people died; about 2% of the total population
3. Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth at the end of the war.
4. Andrew Johnson becomes president
5. The Reconstruction begins