1. Newton’s Laws of Motion
The concepts of force and motion are evident in everyday life.
You will learn how to investigate and describe
applications of Newton’s laws such as in
vehicle restraints, sport activities, geological
processes, and satellite orbits.

2. FORCE
What is force?
Force is the push or pull that one object exerts on another.

3. Newton’s First Law of Motion Law of Inertia
An object will remain at rest or in motion unless acted upon by an outside force.
If it is moving it will continue to move; if it is at rest (still) it will remain at rest.

4. Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion
The unbalanced force acting on an object equals the object’s mass times its acceleration.
Force = mass X acceleration
F = newtons
M = kilograms
A = m/s

5. FORCE
What is the force?

6. Sample Question
How much force is needed to accelerate a 1,300 kg car at a rate of 1.5 m/s2?
A N
B N
C N
D N

7. 2nd Law
F= m x a
A speeding bullet and a slow moving train both have tremendous force.
The force of the bullet is caused by its incredible acceleration while the force of the train comes from its great mass.

8. Free Fall and Weight
Free Fall – the motion of a body when only the force of gravity is acting on it.
Free fall or acceleration due to gravity is abbreviated [g] and it is equal to 9.8 m/s2.
Weight = mass X acceleration due to gravity
Terminal velocity – the maximum velocity reached by a falling object that occurs when the resistance of the object is equal to the force due to gravity.

9. Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion
For every action force, there is an equal and opposite reaction force.

10. Friction Friction is a force that opposes motion.
Friction acts in a direction opposite to the object's direction in motion.
Without friction, the object would continue to move at a constant speed forever.

11. Air Resistance
Air resistance is friction between an object and the air molecules.
What will fall faster, an elephant or a feather if there is no air resistance (friction with the air molecules)?
No Air Resistance
With Air Resistance

12. Air Resistance (cont.)