2. Carboline Coatings, Linings, & Fireproofing
Providing high performance solutions for the chemical industry

3. Phenoline® & Plasite® High performance Tank linings
for Chemical storage & processing

4. Why line a tank? Primary reason – Economics! Secondary reason
High cost to replace steel due to corrosion
Downtime (out of service)
Secondary reason
To maintain product (cargo) purity

5. Tank Lining – Aggressive Service! It works … or it doesn’t!
Tank lining is one of the most stressful environments for a coating
Constant immersion (aggressive chemicals)
Temperature exposures and fluctuations
Abrasion
The risk factor for tank linings is the highest for all coatings recommendation
Linings are rigorously tested and field proven before use
There can be no shortcuts for their installation

6. Lining Selection What we need to know! Commodity?
Temperature of commodity?
New tank or reline (pitting)?
Any addition of chemicals?
Process tank or vessel
Ambient conditions for application?
Any limits on application?
DH, temperature, open top
Cure to service time?

7. Typical Exposures Petroleum-based storage
Crude oil
Refined products: Fuel oil; naptha; gasoline; ethanol; solvents
Process vessels (temp and pressure)
Water (process or produced)
Chemical storage
acids, caustics, amines, etc

8. Linings… its part of our name!
Carboline has over 200 active lining products
Carboguard®
Thin film epoxies for mildly corrosive conditions
Phenoline®
Highly Functional thin and thick film epoxies and modified epoxies for immersion in moderately corrosive services
Carboguard: Thin film epoxies for mildly corrosive conditions such as potable water tanks (NSF), ballast tanks, handling fresh water, salt water, brackish water, and some dry chemicals.
Phenoline: Highly Functional thin and thick film epoxies and modified epoxies for immersion in moderately corrosive services. Excellent performance for immersion service in water, fuels, various solvents, as well as mild to moderate chemical services. Commonly suited for service temperatures from ambient to a maximum of 200˚F (93˚C) depending on product and service.
Plasite: Ultra-high performance thin and thick film epoxies, modified epoxies, epoxy phenolics, high bake phenolics, trowelable linings, and vinyl esters. Plasite products have been rigorously tested for over 60 years to insure exceptional performance in the toughest conditions. Plasite products are designed to be resistant to aggressive chemicals, temperatures of 200˚F (93˚C) and above, pressurized processes, thermal cycling, and highly abrasive conditions.
Semstone: Secondary Containment
Reactamine: Specialty Elastomers
Plasite®
Ultra-high performance thin and thick film linings for aggressive service.

9. The Linings Featured are…
Widely used globally
Approved by most global Oil & Gas and Petrochemical players
Well tested in labs and in “real-life”
Most of the linings here have a long track-record based on solid Performance
Some new linings with improved features, better application properties, environmental, and utilizing globally available raw materials

10. When do you use thin film versus thick film linings?

11. Thin versus Thick? What are the advantages of thick?
Single coat versus 2-3 coats – FASTER
No intercoat adhesion issues (single coat)
96-100% volume solids
High build
Reduce risk of solvent entrapment
Usually faster cure
Tougher film
Impact and abrasion resistance
Better barrier – chemical resistance
Longevity/service life

12. When to use thick versus thin?
Thick is preferred if the cargo has a corrosion rate greater than 625 microns/year
Deteriorated concrete (rough surface) that needs to be “covered”
When you have severely pitted steel substrates such as typically found in relines
When you want a single-coat application

13. Phenoline Linings 187 & 187VOC 353, 353LT & LTE 368 WG 385 1205
Product
Generic
Weak Acid
Strong Acid
Alkali
Aliph.
HC’s
Arom. HC’s
Primary Use
187 & 187VOC
Phenolic epoxy 
Food-grade; aqueous cargoes; caustics; fuels
353, 353LT & LTE
Novolac epoxy
Fuels, ethanol, chemicals & weak acids
368 WG
Hot water; brines; nuclear (368 WGN)
385
Crude oil; fuels; ethanol, high temp water 95 C
1205
Glass-flake novolac
Fuels, hot brines, acidic exposures, crude oil 120 C

14. Amine adduct cured epoxy
Phenoline Linings
Product
Generic
Weak Acid
Strong Acid
Alkali
Aliph.
HC’s
Arom. HC’s
Primary Use
309
Epoxy amine
(batch mix) 
Wide use; crude oil; frac tanks
310
(plural spray)
341
Phenalkamine epoxy
Wastewater immersion; crude, potable water
Tank Shield
Amine adduct cured epoxy
Hydrocarbon products, water at 65°C
and ≤ 50% NaOH 55°C
Tank Shield Plus
Hydrocarbon products, deionized water at 82°C
and ≤ 50% NaOH ≤ 20% HCl & potable water

15. Plasite Linings “7000 Series”
Product
Generic
Features
Primary Use
7122
Epoxy Phenolic
Wide chemical resistance
Good thermal shock
High gloss
Workhorse lining; versatile; long history; food grade cargoes
7133
Epoxy
Polyamine
Good thermal shock; some alcohol resistance; odorless film; high gloss
Food grade cargoes
7156
Phenolic
Long history with high temp water; petroleum services
Food grade
“Any” water service; high purity water; high temp water; brines; petro-service
7159
High temp water; oil/water mixtures (pressurized)

16. Plasite Linings “9000 Series”
Product
Generic
Features
Primary Use
9052
Epoxy novolac with MiO
Similar to 7159 in performance; MiO gives added UC (Undercutting) resistance; 12% caustic
High temp, high purity water; brines; petroleum service
9053
Similar to 7159 in performance at higher DFT; MiO gives added UC resistance
Food grade version of 9052
9057
Cures down to -7°C;
high solids; MiO filler,
Use in place of 9052 when low temp cure is needed
9060
Epoxy-amine adduct
High solids; food grade; good abrasion resistance
Hydrocarbons; fuels; ethanol & methanol
9085
Epoxy novolac
Acid resistance; needs force for 6 hours
Concentrated H2SO4
(92-98%)

17. Plasite Linings “9000 Series”
Product
Generic
Features
Primary Use
9133
Epoxy amine
High solids; food grade;
65°C water; good application properties; economical
Corn syrup; warm water;
food cargoes
9145/TFE
High solids; high release properties; good chemical resistance
Latex resin; slurries
9200 HAR
High abrasion resistance; conductive pigments;
Used to bleed-off accumulated electric charge; dry powder cargoes
9500
High bake lining (190°C); microns; can be steamed
Solvents; chlorinated solvents; caustic to 93°C
9570
High solids; low-bake lining (4 food grade
Hot caustics; solvents; chlorinated solvents; fatty acids

18. Plasite Linings (Thick Film)
Product
Generic
Weak Acid
Strong Acid
Alkali
Aliph.
HC’s
Arom. HC’s
Primary Use
4500 Series
Epoxy amine 
Wide use; crude oil; frac tanks, potable water
4501
Phenalkamine epoxy
Wastewater immersion; crude, potable water
4550 Series
Epoxy novolac
Severe chemical exposure; solvents
4555 S
Food-grade; severe chemical
4600
Acids and chlorinated solvents

19. Potable Water Linings 61 691 692 891 891 HS 341 4500 S 4500 708 767
Product
Generic
# of Coats
Max DFT (u)
Tank Rating (gal)
Other 61
Polyamide epoxy 2
500
1500
Best price point lining
691
Phenalkamine epoxy 1
20,000
Single coat, 2°C cure
692
400
200
Two coat, 2°C cure
891
Cycloaliphatic epoxy
425
6000
First epoxy lining; food
891 HS
60,000
Most economical/m2
341
750 75
Solvent-free; 2°C cure
4500 S
Epoxy amine
1000
Solvent-free; HB
4500
1250 5
Solvent-free; HB; LT cure
708
Polyurethane hybrid
2500
Elastomer; fast cure
767
Structural polyurethane
3000
Pipe
Fast set; high adhesion

20. Vinyl Esters “Plasite 4100-4300 Series”
Product
Features
Primary Uses
4006
Similar to 4100 features; more economical fillers; slightly less resistance; food grade; good to 149°C (dry); more competitive; white color option
Carbon absorption tanks; secondary containment; food grade
4007
Similar to 4300 features; slightly less resistance; good to 149°C; more competitive; white color option
Neutralization tanks
4100
Excellent chemical resistance; food grade; resistant to 193°C (dry); MiO and teflon; grey only
Carbon absorption tanks; food grade service;
4110
Same features as 4100 with additional abrasion resistance; potable water
4300 & 4310
Broad chemical resistance; good against organics; resistant to 193°C; MiO and teflon; grey only has additional abrasion resistance
Neutralization tanks;
FGD systems
4301HT
Glass-flake novolac, vilnyl-ester for steel & concrete. Widely used
Wide range of chemicals & acids

21. Trowel Down Systems “Plasite 5000 Series”
Product
Features
Primary Uses
5302
Epoxy thick film; impact and abrasion resistance; easy to apply; min 15°C
Pulp and paper wire pits; brown stock; stock chests; pitted tanks
5306
Epoxy thick film; wider chemical resistance over 5302; cure down to 4°C
High temp high purity water; acetic acid; alcohols; solvents; chemical process; trenches; sumps
5308
Epoxy thick film; food grade;
min 15°C; hot water
Food contact; process (hot) water; high abrasion applications – chutes
5325
Vinyl ester thick film; quick set; min 15°C; broader chem resistance over epoxies
Concrete sumps, trenches; steel; wastewater; pulp and paper; chem process; secondary containment
5371
Epoxy amine; single coat; damp concrete; wastewater resistance; brines; H2S; acids, caustics
Wastewater; clarifiers; wet wells; manholes;

23. Questions?